Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis), and have major ps...

Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis), and have major ps...

Background: There are many causes of facial melanosis like melasma, frictional melanosis, acanthosis nigricanis, lichen planus actinicus, and others. But Gazelle eye like facial melanosis was not recognized as a special disease with characteristic features. Objective: To report a new recognized facial pigmentation that is not uncommonly seen among adults especially females which is locally know...

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral soft tissue lesions in patients and to assess their clinicopathological attributes. 3030 subjects belonging to a Kalol town in western India were screened. Patients were examined with an overhead examination light and those who were identified with a questionable lesion underwent further investigations. 8.4 percent of the populat...

Melanosis of the stomach and duodenum is a rare entity and a striking finding diagnosed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Here, we describe the case of an 83-year-old female, with a complicated medical history, who was referred to gastroenterologist to assess bleeding risk. From the endoscopy, it was determined that she had both melanosis gastri and duodeni. Although both are rare, gastric m...

Neurocutaneous disorders are multisystem diseases affecting skin, brain, and other organs. Epilepsy is very common in the neurocutaneous disorders, affecting up to 90% of patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), for example. The mechanisms underlying the increased predisposition to brain hyperexcitability differ between disorders, yet some molecular pathwa...

BACKGROUND Due to moisture and the anatomical complexity of the oral mucosa, it is difficult to measure the extent of gingival melanosis in an optical manner. Therefore, we developed a new quantitative method using clinical oral photographs and compared the extent of gingival melanosis before and after smoking cessation. METHODS A new analysis method, which we named the gingival melanosis rec...

A 61-year-old patient underwent endoscopic exploration for anemic syndrome. His medical history revealed that he had been taking a drug based on a mixture of medicinal herbs as laxative for nine years. This product consists of anthranoid-containing laxatives as aloe, senna, rhubarb, cascara and frangula. Endoscopy revealed diffuse dark brown pigmentation throughout his colon, which is compatibl...

Tumoral melanosis is a form of completely regressed melanoma that usually presents as darkly pigmented lesions suspicious for malignant melanoma. Histology reveals dense dermal and subcutaneous infiltration of melanophages. Pembrolizumab is an antibody directed against programmed death receptor-1 (PD1) and is frontline treatment for advanced melanoma. An 81-year-old man with metastatic melanoma...