due to increasing demand for the scarce available water throughout the world it is an extremely important matter, in water management, to make serious attempts in determining its true economic value. this paper discusses the optimal allocation of water to agriculture, the relatively true economic value of water as well as the cropping patterns for the shirvan barzo (sb) dam area in north kh...

Organic farming has become increasingly popular in the world. This is mostly attributed toescalating consumer concerns over the impacts of pesticides and chemical fertilizers on humanhealth as well as growing concerns over environmental pollution derived from modernagricultural practices, such as rising greenhouse gas emissions and water contaminations. Butdoes organic farming actually displace...

The increasing release of untreated fish farming effluents into water courses that flow to the Pantanal wetlands in Mato Grosso (Brazil) may drive this ecosystem to eutrophication. Therefore, the growth of Azolla caroliniana Willd. and Salvinia auriculata Aubl. in fish farming effluent and their effect on its quality were evaluated for 48 days in a greenhouse. The results were compared to those...

Currently, farming of aquatic species for human consumption is a worldwide practice performed. Hence, dissolved oxygen is one of the most important parameters of water quality in aquaculture systems, so maintaining good levels of concentration of this gas is essential for a successful production. This work presents a predictive model based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), which are designe...

Socio-economic improvement of rural people especially women is one of the challenges in Bangladesh. While integrated farming system is the potential area of working opportunity of the women to improve their socio-economic conditions. Considering this issue, this paper was to examine the improvement of socio-economic status of women with increased participation in so-called “Integrated Farming S...

The rice theory of culture is the idea that farming societies developed into more interdependent, tight cultures in response to demands plant. Farming general an interdependent subsistence style, but traditional paddy was starkly different from other major crops like wheat, corn, and potatoes. Paddy required twice as much labor per hectare wheat farming. Farmers responded by creating customs sh...

This paper presents an overview of the development of water quality objectives (water quality guidelines for local waterways), and water quality targets to protect waterways draining to the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). The Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area is the world’s largest World Heritage Area, and contains the largest single collection of coral reefs in the world, supporting many divers...

The necessity of surface water for irrigation and its increasing scarcity in developing economies motivate the need for its efficient distribution. Surface water is distributed from its source to individual farms via simple canals, which are surface pathways dug through farms. The inequity in this distribution arises due to the relative physical locations of the farms. Head-reach (primary) farm...