UNLABELLED   BACKGROUND α-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is one of the most important genetic causes of childhood liver diseases in some parts of the world, but its geographic distribution is highly variable. There are many reports from Asian countries such as India, the Philippines, and China which show a very low incidence of this disease. However few studies exist from Iran regarding this ...

This content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Cholestasis occurs due to reduced synthesis of bile acids or the deficient (intra or extra-hepatic) excretion of biliary components (cholesterol, phospholipids, bile salts, bilirubin and proteins) to the small intestine. Newborns, especially preterm-born children, have a predisposition to neonatal cholestas...

Cholestatic jaundice in early infancy is a complex diagnostic problem. Misdiagnosis of cholestasis as physiologic jaundice delays the identification of severe liver diseases. In the majority of infants, prolonged physiologic jaundice represent benign cases of breast milk jaundice, but few among them are masked and caused by neonatal cholestasis (NC) that requires a prompt diagnosis and treatmen...

History: A 3.5-months-old male presented to us with small bowel type of diarrhea and recurrent non-bilious vomiting since birth; jaundice since 2.5 months of age; swelling all over body, clay colored stools, fever, cough and respiratory difficulty since 3 months of age, and refusal to feed from 2 days prior to admission. He also had prolonged bleeding at the site of intramuscular injection. The...

OBJECTIVES To examine whether a mixed lipid emulsion reduces the incidence of parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis (PNAC) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW, <1000 g) infants. STUDY DESIGN This double-blind randomized trial of 230 ELBW infants (June 2012-October 2015) was performed at a single level IV neonatal intensive care unit. Patients received either a mixed lipid emulsion compo...