BACKGROUND Data from interventional trials of systemic anticoagulation for sepsis inconsistently suggest beneficial effects in case of acute lung injury (ALI). Severe systemic bleeding due to anticoagulation may have offset the possible positive effects. Nebulization of anticoagulants may allow for improved local biological availability and as such may improve efficacy in the lungs and lower th...

Equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) has been used as a naturally occurring model of human asthma. However, it is unknown whether there is an early-phase response in RAO. The aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to organic dust induces immediate changes in lung function in RAO-affected horses, which could be mediated by airway mast cells. Six RAO-affected horses in remission...

To design nanoparticle (NP)-based drug delivery systems for pulmonary administration, biodegradable materials are considered safe, but their potential toxicity is poorly explored. We here explore the lung toxicity in mice of biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) and compare it to the toxicity of non-biodegradable ones. NP formulations of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) coated with chitosan (C...

The purpose of this placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study was to assess the effect of nebulized morphine on dyspnoea perceived at rest by patients with advanced disease. Seventeen hospital in-patients with disabling dyspnoea received isotonic saline or morphine via nebulization for 10 min through a mouthpiece, combined with oxygen via nasal prongs. On four consecutive days, they we...

BACKGROUND: Continuous nebulization has become popular for treating patients with severe reversible airway disease. Continuous nebulization therapy has been shown to be safe, effective, and labor efficient as compared to other traditional medication aerosol treatments 1-11 . Although numerous studies have been done evaluating the clinically efficacy of continuous nebulization, little work has b...

Although classical split and splitless injection is more than 30 years old, we only start to understand the vaporization process in the injector. Solvent evaporation determines much of the process and is the first obstacle to overcome. Videos recorded on devices imitating injectors showed that sample (solvent) evaporation is often a violent process which is poorly controlled and might well expl...

BACKGROUND Experimental infection of pigs via direct intranasal or intratracheal inoculation has been mainly used to study the infectious process of influenza A viruses of swine (IAVs-S). Nebulization is known to be an alternative method for inoculating pigs with IAVs-S, because larger quantities of virus potentially can be delivered throughout the respiratory tract. However, there is very litt...

BACKGROUND Our aim was to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) titrated morphine with nebulized morphine given at 2 different doses in severe traumatic pain. METHODS In a prospective, randomized, controlled double-blind study, we included 300 patients with severe traumatic pain. They were assigned to 3 groups: Neb10 group received 1 nebulization of 10-mg morphine; Neb20 group r...