Immunologically restricted patients such as those with autoimmune diseases or malignancies often suffer from delayed or insufficient fracture healing. In human fracture hematomas and the surrounding bone marrow obtained from immunologically restricted patients, we analyzed the initial inflammatory phase on cellular and humoral level via flow cytometry and multiplex suspension array. Compared wi...

Indoor rock climbing is becoming more popular for people of all ages. Despite the tremendous interest in this competitive sport, participants are made aware of the dangers associated with participating. The authors present the first reported case of a clay-shoveler's fracture at the T1 spinous process during indoor rock climbing. They describe the management and natural history of this fracture...

Explosions are one of the most powerful and devastating natural phenomena. The pressure front from the blast wave of an explosion can cause fracture of objects in its vicinity and create flying debris. In this thesis, I outline a previously proposed explosion model. An explosion is treated as a fluid with its behaviour governed by the Navier-Stokes equations and the gaseous products modeled usi...

carpal fracture-dislocation is regarded as an unusual orthopedic injury and, thus, orthopedic surgeons are less experienced in dealing with and treating these fractures and dislocations. we report a 20-year-old worker man suffering from an unusual carpal fracture-dislocation. there was trans-scaphoid fracture and lunate dislocation with other carpal proximal bones toward volar of the wrist. two...

a r t i c l e i n f o The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of filling materials (e.g., quartz sand and kaolin clay) in the interaction between a P-wave and a rock fracture. The specific fracture stiffness reflects the seismic response of a filled fracture, while the wave transmission coefficient describes P-wave transmission across the filled fracture. A series of experimental t...

It is estimated that, of the 7.9 million fractures sustained in the United States each year, 5% to 20% result in delayed or impaired healing requiring therapeutic intervention. Following fracture injury, there is an initial inflammatory response that plays a crucial role in bone healing; however, prolonged inflammation is inhibitory for fracture repair. The precise spatial and temporal impact o...

BACKGROUND Carpal malalignment following the malunited distal radial fracture is described to develop as an adaptation to realign the hand to the malunion. It worsens gradually after healing of the fracture due to continued loading of the wrist. It is also reported to develop during the immobilization itself rather than after fracture healing. The present work was aimed to study the natural cou...

Trabecular bone fracture is a traumatic and localized event studied worldwide in order to predict it. During the years, researchers focused over the mechanical characterization of the trabecular tissue to understand its mechanics. Several studies pointed out the very local nature of the trabecular failure, finally identifying the fracture zone with the aim to study it separately. The complexity...

Opening-mode fractures in layered materials, such as sedimentary rocks, pavement, functionally graded composite materials or surface coating films, often are periodically distributed with spacings scaled to the thickness of the fractured layer. The current general explanation is that when the fracture spacing to layer thickness ratio changes from greater than to less than critical values the no...