Background: Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells are the most abundant leukocytes in pre-implantation endometrium and early pregnancy deciduas in humans and rodents. They are associated with structural changes in maternal spiral arteries but regulation of their re-cruitment and activation is incompletely understood. The major subpopulation of uNK cells in humans expresses CD56, the neural cell ad...

Following the occurrence of unexpected events and natural disasters, a highly important relief operation is the transferring of relief commodities from the distribution centers (CDs) to shelters. In this paper, a three-level network consisting of depot of vehicles, distribution centers and shelters has been considered for routing and scheduling of relief vehicles through introducing a multi-obj...

Underground gas storage is the practical means of making available the increased supplies of natural gas that are needed in Indiana in winter periods of peak demand. To date, 21 gas storage projects providing an estimated storage capacity of 48 billion cubic feet have been initiated. Expansion of storage capacity is anticipated. Basic geologic factors and availability of subsurface information ...

In this paper, we explore a set of novel features for authorship attribution of documents. These features are derived from a word network representation of natural language text. As has been noted in previous studies, natural language tends to show complex network structure at word level, with low degrees of separation and scale-free (power law) degree distribution. There has also been work on ...

Searching for generic behaviors has been one of the driving forces leading to a deep understanding and classification of diverse phenomena. Usually a starting point is the development of a phenomenology based on observations. Such is the case for power law distributions encountered in a wealth of situations coming from physics, geophysics, biology, lexicography as well as social and financial n...

The degree distribution of scale-free Small World networks follows a power law. For random graph generators, its exponent is constrained by the construction mechanism, whereas in real-world data, different slopes can be observed. However, the degree distribution alone does not reveal much of the local structure of these graphs. Therefore, we propose a graph transformation we call ”higher order”...

The distribution of fitness effects of new mutations is a fundamental parameter in genetics. Here we present a new method by which the distribution can be estimated. The method is fairly robust to changes in population size and admixture, and it can be corrected for any residual effects if a model of the demography is available. We apply the method to extensively sampled single-nucleotide polym...

Computational simulations of tissue differentiation have been able to capture the main aspects of tissue formation/regeneration observed in animal experiments-except for the considerable degree of variability reported. Understanding and modelling the source of this variability is crucial if computational tools are to be developed for clinical applications. The objective of this study was to tes...

During DNA replication, small fragments of DNA are formed. These have been observed experimentally and the mechanism of their formation modelled mathematically. Using the stochastic model of Cowan and Chiu (1992, 1994), we nd the probability distribution of the number of fragments. A new discrete distribution arises. The work has interest as an application of the recent theory on quasi-renewal ...