Abstract Climate has an important effect on operation of the traditional building architecture and its energy consumption in desert area of Iran. Absence of water and unpleasant climate of these regions compelled people to build their houses with some strategies based on effective energy expenditure. Therefore, builders try to use natural climatic strategies for confronting hard situations. Nar...

BACKGROUND This study examined the impact of transportation infrastructure at intersection and non-intersection locations on bicycling injury risk. METHODS In Vancouver and Toronto, we studied adult cyclists who were injured and treated at a hospital emergency department. A case-crossover design compared the infrastructure of injury and control sites within each injured bicyclist's route. Int...

“Big Games are human-powered software for cities, life-size collaborative hallucinations, and serious fun” Frank Lantz. “Play” was once a word that used to be associated with games such as Hide and Seek and Tag. It is now widely used to represent sedentary activities. To quote a fourth-grader in San Diego, “I like to play indoors ‘cause that’s where all the electrical outlets are”, (Last Child ...

With increasing urbanization vector-borne diseases are quickly developing in cities, and urban control strategies are needed. If streets are shown to be barriers to disease vectors, city blocks could be used as a convenient and relevant spatial unit of study and control. Unfortunately, existing spatial analysis tools do not allow for assessment of the impact of an urban grid on the presence of ...

In this paper, we derive a topological pattern of urban street networks using a large sample (the largest so far to the best of our knowledge) of 40 US cities and a few more from elsewhere of different sizes. It is found that all the topologies of urban street networks based on street–street intersection demonstrate a small world structure, and a scale-free property for both street length and c...

conclusions in comparison with road traffic accidents on city streets, trauma patients in rtas on roads out of the city have longer pre-hospital time intervals and more severe injuries; therefore this group needs more pre-hospital resuscitation interventions. results findings of this study showed that, 75% of rtas occurred on city streets (n = 1 251). motor-car accidents were the most frequent ...

BACKGROUND Iran has one of the highest rates of road traffic accidents (RTAs) worldwide. Pre-hospital trauma care can help minimize many instances of traffic-related mortality and morbidity. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics of pre-hospital care in patients who were injured in RTAs, admitted to hospital. The focus was mainly directed at evaluating pre-hospital...

Streets in Motion is a novel intervention which Ritajyoti Bandyopadhyay explicates how streets have shaped the socio-spatial relationships and economic geography of city Calcutta (now Kolkata) offers new methodological pathways for analysing urban historiography streets. The key proposition book that ‘street itself […]