Introduction. This mini-review examines the mechanisms of damage to bacterial biofilms (BB) by particles metals (Au, Ag, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg) and their oxides (AuО, SiO, Fe2О3, Ag2O, CuO, TiO2, ZnO, MgO). Emphasis is placed on mechanism which includes formation reactive oxygen species that affect redox state cell and, as a result, its death. The antibacterial action particles, well effect porosity d...

Metal oxide-based resistive random access memory devices are highly attractive candidates for next-generation nonvolatile memories, but the switching phenomena remain poorly understood. This article focuses on microscopic understanding of initial forming step, which is decisive process. The integrated effect in Ti/ HfO2/ TiWN metal insulator structures studied. After forming, transmission elect...

in this paper, grafting of acrylic acid monomer on gum tragacanth was performed. variable of experiment included concentration of initiators and monomer, time, and temperature. grafting efficiency was measured in the term of percentage of grafting (%g) and percentage of grafting efficiency (%e). effectiveness of grafted gum in ferrous ion removal at different condition was assessed. according t...

New issues come from the advent nanometric devices: defect and fault tolerance -at the physical, circuit and most importantly at the system levelis an enabling technology for building reliable nanoelectronic systems. Semiconductor manufacturers are responding to these challenges by introducing a variety of technical innovations, including new manufacture testing methodologies, virtual testing, ...

this article describes coronary artery bypass grafting by avlliath jay akrishnan et al. one of the most common reason for coronary artery bypass grafting is narrowing coronary arteries because of atherosclerosis. atherosclerosis causes chest pain (angina pectoris), myocardial infarction and sudden death. the aim of coronary artery bypass grafting is to release pain, prevention of myocardial inf...

Grafting-from ATRP protocols using fluoropolymers as substrates are very often used. Actual positive proof that is the mechanism at work in grafting or occurred all scarce. This perspective article gives an overview of most relevant examples such well possible other mechanisms grafting.