Na+ reabsorption is regulated in proximal tubules by hormones that stimulate protein kinase C (PKC). To determine whether stimulation of PKC causes a reduction in intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i) that might link Na+ pump activation to increased Na+ reabsorption, [Na+]i was measured in kidney cells loaded with the Na+-sensitive fluorescent indicator SBFI. Rapid digital imaging fluorescen...

To elucidate the role of intracellular Na(+) kinetics in the mechanism for ischemic preconditioning (IPC), we measured intracellular Na(+) concentration ([Na(+)](i)) using (23)Na-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in isolated rat hearts. IPC significantly delayed the initial [Na(+)](i) increase (d[Na(+)](i)/dt) compared with non-IPC control, resulting in attenuation of Na(+) accumulation (Delta[Na...

n-sodium acrylate-o-carboxymethyl chitosan [cmch-g-paa(na)] bound fe3o4 nanoparticles were developed as a novel magnetic nanoparticles with an ionic structure that can be potentially used in many fields. cmch-g-paa (na) was obtained by grafting of sodium polyacrylate on o-carboxymethyl chitosan, which is an amphiphilic polyelectrolyte with the biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. a...

We examined the kinetic properties of the interactions between inner and outer cation sites of the Na-Li countertransport system in human red blood cells. Li-stimulated Na efflux [V(Na)] was measured as a function of external Li [(Li)o] and internal Na [(Na)i] contents. At each (Li)o, a Hanes plot of (Na)i/V(Na) vs. (Na)i allowed us to calculate the apparent dissociation constant for internal N...

abstract aim: to assess anti-neuronal antibodies (na) prevalence and their correlation with neurological disorders and bowel habits in celiac disease (cd) patients. background: neurological manifestations are estimated to occur in about 10% of celiac disease patients and na to central nervous system (cns) and enteric nervous system (ens) are found in a significant proportion of them. little is ...

Since both sodium L-ascorbate (Na-AsA) and sodium saccharin (Na-Sac) promote two-stage bladder carcinogenesis in rats, synergism of the two chemicals was investigated with special reference to the role of urinary pH and Na+ concentration. Male F344 rats were given 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine in the drinking water for 4 wk and then treated with basal diet containing 5% Na-Sac, 5%...

1. Measurements of the blood Na concentration and transepithelial electrical potential (T.E.P.) across Uca pugilator acclimated to sea water indicate that Na is maintained out of electrochemical equilibrium with sea water. The resulting net Na influx as well as the sodium gain due to ingestion of the medium must be balanced by extrarenal Na extrusion. 2. The small T.E.P. (-0.7 mV) and the 'tran...

IAntinociceptive at the spinal level Adding NA is antinociceptive The story gets complicated because NA both inhibits and facilitates spinal nociceptive reflexes Spinal NA increases with acute and chronic nociceptive stimuli. NA tonically induces antinociception NA spinal denervation produces hyper and hypoalgesia NA spinal denervation retards the appearance of autotomy and neuropathic pain NA ...

The structural, electronic, electrochemical as well as diffusion properties of Na doped phosphorene have been investigated based on first-principles calculations. The strong binding energy between Na and phosphorene indicates that Na could be stabilized on the surface of phosphorene without clustering. By comparing the adsorption of Na atoms on one side and on both sides of phosphorene, it has ...