<p style="text-align: justify;">Let <em>R</em> be a finite commutative ring with identity and <em>P</em> prime ideal of <em>R</em>. The vertex set is <em>R - </em>{0} two distinct vertices are adjacent if their product in <em>P</em>. This graph called the denoted by Γ<sub>P</sub>. relationship among ideal, zero-diviso...

The concept of a closure operator ∇ in an ADL R was introduced. If ∇R is the set of all ∇−invariant elements of R, then the concepts of ∇R−ideal, ∇R−prime ideal are introduced. The interrelations between ∇R−prime ideal and minimal prime ideal of R are derived. If B is the Birkhoff centre of R, then a sufficient condition is derived for a B−ideal to be a minimal prime ideal of R. Mathematics Sub...

A pseudo-addition in BL-algebras is a binary operation that is associative and non commutative. The aim of this paper is to use the notion of pseudo-addition to study the notion of ideal and fuzzy ideal as a natural generalization of that of ideal and fuzzy ideal in MV-algebras. Using a pseudo-addition, we characterize fuzzy ideals and also obtain a concrete description of the fuzzy ideals gene...