CD1c-mediated T cells are activated by a mycobacterial phospholipid antigen whose carbohydrate structure precisely corresponds to mammalian mannosyl beta-1-phosphodolichol (MPD), but contains an unusual lipid moiety. Here, we show that this T cell antigen is a member of a family of branched, alkane lipids that vary in length (C30-34) and are produced by medically important mycobacteria such as ...

The transport of antigen from the periphery to the draining lymph node (DLN) is critical for T-cell priming but remains poorly studied during infection with Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). To address this we employed a mouse model to track the traffic of Dendritic cells (DCs) and mycobacteria from the BCG inoculation site in the skin to the DLN. Detection of BCG in the DLN wa...

Background Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is a disease which constitutes an important economic and zoonotic problem in Latin America. The etiological agent, Mycobacterium bovis, has several antigens described and well characterized. The M. bovis antigen 85B (Ag85B), encoded by fbpB gene, is the bacillus immunodominant antigen and promising target for vaccine and diagnosis development [1]. Ag85B combi...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogen that can survive within phagocytic cells by inhibiting phagolysosome biogenesis. However, host cells can control the intracellular M. tuberculosis burden by the induction of autophagy. The mechanism of autophagosome formation to M. tuberculosis has been well studied in macrophages, but remains unclear in dendritic cells. We therefore chara...

BACKGROUND The detection of mycobacterial DNA in clinical samples on the basis of the polymerase chain reaction is a promising approach for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculous infections. No consensus exists, however, about which protocols are most sensitive, and the usefulness of this approach in the diagnosis of tuberculous effusions has been assessed in few patients. METHODS The sensitivity...

Splenic lymphocytes were collected from BCG-vaccinated ddY mice and cultured with or without the antigen. Thus obtained supernatants were tested by tissue culture techniques. Normal mouse peritoneal macrophages were infected with M. lepraemurium in vitro and the effects of MycolF (mycobacterial growth inhibiting factor) in these supernatants on the growth of the bacilli were examined. The multi...

Recent studies link mycobacterial and human heat shock protein antigens with autoimmune diseases. Little is known about the development of antibody responses to these antigens in children. IgG responses to mycobacterial antigens were studied in children living in the UK (an environment low in mycobacteria) who had not received BCG vaccination. Age curves of IgG response to sonicates from differ...

BACKGROUND Mycobacterial culture is the gold standard test for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB), but it is time-consuming. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a highly sensitive and specific method that can reduce the time required for diagnosis. The diagnostic efficacy of PCR differs, so this study determined the actual sensitivity of TB-PCR in tissue specimens. METHODS We retrospectively reviewe...

Considerable evidence supports the concept that CD4(+) T cells are important in sarcoidosis pathogenesis, but the antigens responsible for the observed Th1 immunophenotype remain elusive. The epidemiologic association with bioaerosols and the presence of granulomatous inflammation support consideration of mycobacterial antigens. To explore the role of mycobacterial antigens in sarcoidosis immun...

Activated carbon has a high adsorption capacity due to its porosity. The pore structure of activated is largely affected by the chemical composition raw material and parameters manufacturing process. This article aims determine from brewed coffee. manufacture carried out in one step carbonization activation same reactor furnace. sample was carbonized heating temperature 650 ○C, then immediately...