In response, the Horizons Program and the Population Council, in collaboration with the Municipal Secretariat of Health and the customs station in Foz do Iguaçu, the Paraná State Secretariat of Health, and the Uruguaiana Municipal STI/AIDS Program, conducted an intervention study from 2002 to 2005. The study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and impact of providing a range of health serv...

The cooperative inter-municipal waste collection can be a real added value in terms of costs reduction and high performance services. The chapter proposes a Multi Agent Approach to support the inter-municipal infrastructure. The Multi Agent Systems (MAS) is an approach suitable to implement a distributed physically problem as the inter-municipal waste collection. The architecture of the approac...

Municipal water systems provide crucial services for human well-being, and will undergo a major transformation this century following global technological, socioeconomic and environmental changes. Future demand scenarios integrating these drivers over multidecadal planning horizons are needed to develop effective adaptation strategy. This paper presents a new long-term scenario modeling framewo...

The subject of the research is to study impact modern digital technologies on organization and management public utilities within framework concept “smart HCS”, which ensures optimization municipal budgets, reducing costs homeowners for maintenance real estate, and, as a result, improving quality life citizens. purpose identify promising areas digitalization housing communal services sector (he...

The paper presents a measurement framework for assessing the eGovernance maturity level of countries through the analysis of municipal websites. The paper also introduces the results of a survey carried out to apply and validate the framework. Applied to municipal websites of different countries, the framework considers websites content and design. For each country, the sample included three we...

In spite of not being ‘public goods’ in the strict sense of the term, public provision has been a common way of supplying utilities services around the world. Among the major reasons underlying the dominant position of the public sector as the provider of infrastructure are the recognition of the economic and political importance of infrastructure for development, and the faith that government ...

In spite of not being ‘public goods’ in the strict sense of the term, public provision has been a common way of supplying utilities services around the world. Among the major reasons underlying the dominant position of the public sector as the provider of infrastructure are the recognition of the economic and political importance of infrastructure for development, and the faith that government ...

Refunding efficiency, a measure of the optimality of a refunding decision, is widely used in the call exercise decision for agency, corporate, and municipal bonds. The original definition of efficiency assumes that the refunding bond is optionless. However, in practice, the refunding bond is often callable. We show that the commonly used method of incorporating the value of the refunding bond’s...

T he age limits entitling to publicly subsidized dental care were abolished in Finland by the amended provisions of the Primary Health Care Act and the Health Insurance Act, which entered into force in their entirety on December 1, 2002. Before that, the local municipal authorities could limit the access to dental care on the basis of age. Likewise, the eligibility for reimbursement under healt...