The Environment Agency is required to monitor the diversion of biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) from landfill. Reliable methods are needed to measure the biodegradability of municipal waste, both as mixed municipal waste and as individually separated fractions. An evaluation of several methods was carried out using a variety of organic materials typically found in municipal solid waste. The ...

Large volumes of ash from combustion of municipal solid waste are produced and most of it is landfilled. As this type of ash contains significant amounts of metal compounds the landfilling strategy is not optimal when considered from a resource conservation perspective. A better situation would be created if metals were recovered from the ash. In the present study leaching and solvent extractio...

--This study is an attempt to stabilize the heavy metals present in the municipal solid waste. A hydrothermal processing system was setup with a mixture of ferric sulphate. Experimental results showed the reduction in the heavy metals concentration in the municipal solid waste ash after the treatment with iron oxides. Initial values of Cg, Cu, Pb, Cr, Hg was 0.001 mg/L , 4.322 mg/L , 0.578 mg/L...

A modal shift from road transport towards inland water or rail transport could reduce the total Green House Gas emissions and societal impact associated with Municipal Solid Waste management. However, this shift will take place only if demonstrated to be at least cost-neutral for the decision makers. In this paper we examine the feasibility of using multimodal truck and inland water transport, ...

A review is given of gasification processes for solid fuels with special emphasis on waste gasification. Although the co-current moeing bed gasifier has not been under consideration for a long time, it offers interesting possibilitiesJor waste gasification. Some operational data are given. Two potential applications are discussed--gasification of agricultural waste (maize cobs) in the rural are...

The abysmal state of and challenges in municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in urban India is the motivation of the present study. Urbanization contributes enhanced municipal solid waste (MSW) generation and unscientific handling of MSW degrades the urban environment and causes health hazards. In this paper, an attempt is made to evaluate the major parameters of MSWM, in addition to a compre...

The management of municipal solid waste is one of the major problems of the present world. The use of microbial enzymes for sustainable management of the solid waste is the need of the time. In the present study, we have isolated a potent amylase producing strain (ISL B5) from municipal solid waste. The strain was identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri (P. stutzeri) both biochemically and by 16S rD...

This paper reviews documented environmental effects experience from the disposal of solid waste materials in the U.S. Selected case histories are discussed that illustrate waste migration and its actual or potential effects on human or environmental health. Principal conclusions resulting from this review were: solid waste materials do migrate beyond the geometric confines of the initial placem...

A distributed model of solid waste digestion in a 1-D bioreactor with leachate recirculation and pH adjustment was developed to analyze the balance between the rates of polymer hydrolysis/acidogenesis and methanogenesis during the anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste (MSW). The model was calibrated on previously published experimental data generated in 2-L reactors filled with shredded ...

In the past 20 years, municipal solid waste policies have changed in response to societal and environmental changes. Municipal solid waste policies in many countries become more complicated and numerous. This paper reviews several models developed to support decision making in the area of municipal solid waste management (MSWM). It has been discovered that many modern decisionmaking support sys...