background and purpose: multiple sclerosis (ms) is believed to be an immune-mediated disorder that develops from an interaction of the individual's genetic and as yet unidentified environmental causes. the prevalence of auto-antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients and their clinical associations vary in various studies. the aim of this study was to determine serum auto antibodies in multiple ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of 25-hydroxy vitamin-D deficiency in Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan from January to December 2019. One hundred and sixty five diagnosed cases MS either gender, aging 20-55 years, not taking supplements, steroids could go outside sun were selected through non-proba...

patients and methods this cross-sectional study was performed on 1202 ms patients in farshchian hospital, hamadan, in 2013. all patients were diagnosed with definite ms. a questionnaire was used to gather information; demographic characteristics, medical history, signs and symptoms at onset, course of disease, relatives with ms, and degree and type of relationship were recorded. conclusions the...

results the results showed that there was no statistical significant difference in distribution of genotype (aa, ac and cc) and allele (a and c) frequencies between ms patients and healthy controls (p = 0.901 and p = 0.728, respectively). conclusions in conclusion, it appears that the c424c/a polymorphism within the il-25 gene has no significant relationship with ms, and this polymorphism is pr...

optic neuritis occurs in young patients, most often females, and presents as subacute monocular visual loss. periocular pain, particularly with eye movement occurs in the majority of cases. the retrobulbar form occurs in 65% of cases and is associated with normal optic disc appearance at onset. the central visual field is usually affected and an rapd and dyschromatopsia are present. brain magne...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (cns). inflammation caused by immune cells destroy the myelin and then axon. cns failure to complete repair results in permanent disabilities. some types of stem cells have special potentials to repair these injuries and even cure ms. neural crest stem cells with a mutual origin with cns and the ability of differen...