BACKGROUND Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by painful ophthalmoplegia and ipsilateral cranial neuropathies. It is caused by an inflammatory process of unknown etiology. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of a 77-year-old white man with history of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia transforming to large B-cell lymphoma who presented to a community physician complai...

BACKGROUND Leprosy is one of the most common causes of peripheral neuropathy, perhaps closely matched by diabetic neuropathy. Patterns of peripheral neuropathy in leprosy can be varied, which may include mononeuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex and symmetric polyneuropathy. Cranial nerves, especially facial and trigeminal nerves, are also commonly involved in leprosy. AIMS To find out the patte...

OBJECTIVE Stereotactic radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma entails uncertain long-term risk of tumor recurrence and delayed cranial neuropathies. In addition, the underlying histopathologic changes to the tumor bed are not fully characterized. We seek to understand the clinical and histologic features of recurrent vestibular schwannoma after stereotactic radiation therapy. STUDY DESIGN Ret...

CMYK 281 cornerstone of the therapy for neurosarcoidosis. Steroid therapy is usually started at a high dose and after achieving a clinical response, the dose is gradually tapered. Alternative therapeutic agents are indicated in patients with steroid sideeffects or lack of response to treatment or in cases where steroids are contraindicated. These include cyclosporine, azathioprine, hydroxychlor...

Abstract Background Cranial neuropathies occur in 3 to 14% of diabetic patients. Motor conduction study the facial nerve and blink reflex are electrophysiologic techniques used assess facio-trigeminal pathway The patterns abnormalities inconsistent among studies. This aimed subclinical short-duration type 2 diabetes mellitus cross-sectional included 30 patients with disease duration ≤ 5 years. ...

OBJECT Transcranial approaches to clival chordomas provide a circuitous route to the site of origin of the tumor often involving extensive bone drilling and brain retraction, which places critical neurovascular structures between the surgeon and pathology. For certain chordomas, the endonasal endoscopic transclival approach is a novel minimal access, but it is an equally aggressive alternative ...

BACKGROUND Primary involvement of the sphenoid sinus occurs in 2% of all paranasal sinus tumors and is associated with dismal prognosis. Optimal management remains debatable. METHODS A total of 23 patients were treated for a primary cancer of the sphenoid sinus from 1988 to 2004. Charts were reviewed for patient-, tumor-, and treatment-related parameters. Univariate and multivariate analyses ...

a spirochaete of the genus Borrelia and transmitted by tick-bites of the genus Ixodes; is the most frequently reported vector-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere1. Borreliosis is a multisystemic disease that can affect skin, joints, heart and central nervous system (CNS). Infection of the CNS by Borrelia, called neuroborreliosis (NB) produces multiple manifestations that includes: Encephal...