In the present study, we investigated the effects of repeated morphine pre-treatment on impairment of spatial memory acquisition induced by intra dorsal hippocampus (intra-CA1) administration of the non-selective cannabinoid CB1/CB2 receptor agonist, WIN55,212-2 in adult male rats. 2-day version of Morris water maze task has been used for the assessment of spatial memory. On the training day, r...

This research investigated the effect of an increase or decrease in opioid activity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) on the onset of maternal behavior in rats. In Experiment 1, the latency to show maternal behavior toward foster rat pups (sensitization latency) was determined in maternally naive female rats given either nothing or a unilateral intra-VTA injection of morphine sulfate (MS) (0....

introduction: nitric oxide (no) is a neuronal messenger molecule in the central nervous system, which is generated from l-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (nos) and involves in many important opioid-induced effects. our previous studies revealed that cuminum cyminum interestingly reduces morphine sensitization, tolerance and dependency in male mice. therefore, in the present study, the effect ...

Synaptic plasticity is a property of neurons that can be induced by conditioning electrical stimulation (CS) of afferent fibers in the spinal cord. This is a widely studied property of spinal cord and hippocampal neurons. CS has been shown to trigger enhanced expression of immediate early gene proteins (IEGPs), with peak increases observed 2 hour post stimulation. Chronic morphine treatment has...

Chronic cocaine administration can produce tolerance or sensitization to locomotor activating effects, depending on the treatment paradigm. The effects of chronic, continuous cocaine were measured on locomotor activity for 1 hr daily for 7 days. Cocaine produced significant increases in locomotor activity 4 hr after osmotic minipumps were implanted, and an even higher level of activity after 24...

BACKGROUND Inflammation and nociceptive sensitization are hallmarks of tissue surrounding surgical incisions. Recent studies demonstrate that several cytokines may participate in the enhancement of nociception near these wounds. Since opioids like morphine interact with neutrophils and other immunocytes, it is possible that morphine exerts some of its antinociceptive action after surgical incis...

Tamalin is a scaffold protein that interacts with metabotropic glutamate receptors and the kinase-deficient neurotrophin TrkCT1 receptor and forms a protein complex with multiple protein-trafficking and intracellular signaling molecules. In culture, tamalin promotes intracellular trafficking of group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors through its interaction with guanine nucleotide exchange fac...

The consumption of drugs of abuse provokes sensitization, the development of tolerance, dependency, and eventually addiction. It is thought that these events are partially a consequence of drug-induced alterations in the organization of neuronal circuits in specific areas of the brain. In the present study, we have used intracellular injections of lucifer yellow to examine the alterations that ...

In recent years, evidence that sensitization of primary afferent nociceptors is an important event associated with chronic pain has been accumulating. The present study aimed to evaluate the participation of the prostaglandin and sympathetic components in the long-lasting sensitization of nociceptors induced by acute inflammation in mice. The intraplantar administration of carrageenan (100 μg) ...