The Federal Reserve has implemented policies during the past six years that rely on channels of transmission to the real economy that economic models have assumed to exist but seldom tested or on channels that were simply presumed not to exist. I discuss the board channels of monetary policy transmission that may allow forward guidance and balance sheet policies to affect the economy. The assum...

In this paper, we analyze how lack of credibility and transparency of monetary and fiscal policies undermines the effectiveness of macroeconomic policies to isolate the economy from commodity price fluctuations. We develop a general equilibrium model for a commodity exporting economy where macro policies are conducted through rules. We show that the responses of output, aggregate demand, and in...

We examine the role of money in the policies of the ECB, using introductory statements of the ECB President at the monthly press conferences during 1999-2004. Over time, the relative amount of words devoted to the monetary analysis has decreased. Our analysis of indicators of the monetary policy stance suggests that developments in the monetary sector, while somewhat more important in the later...

This paper studies the interactions of fiscal and monetary policies in the presence of fiscal spillovers within a monetary union. When capital markets are integrated, the fiscal policy of any member country will influence equilibrium wages and interest rates across the whole union. Thus there are fiscal spillovers within a federation. Within a general class of monetary policy rules, there does ...

This paper examines the design of macroeconomic policies after the enlargement of the EU by Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). We consider scenarios with and without CEECs being members of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). For the European Central Bank, we analyze consequences of monetary versus inflation targeting. For European fiscal policies, we assume that the gov...

Monetary policies, either actual or perceived, cause changes in monetary interest rates. These changes impact the economy through financial institutions, which react to changes in the monetary rates with changes in their administered rates, on both deposits and lendings. The dynamics of administered bank interest rates in response to changes in money market rates is essential to examine the imp...

We investigate whether forward guidance and large scale asset purchases are effective in steering economic expectations the US. Using series of monetary policy shocks recovered Swanson (2020), local projections, an algorithm to select best empirical model, we show that unconventional policies tilting a direction consistent with central bankers' will. Our findings provide two more insights: resp...