Catholics and dissident French royalists from the beginning of nineteenth century around journalists F. de La Mennais P.-S. Laurentie wanted to reconstitute a new Catholic monarchy against compromise made by Louis XVIII. It was necessary renew links with ancien régime revolutionary legacy, compensate for monarchy’s more distant flaws, caused according them distancing Church’s power. After July ...

This paper explores the relative balance between socio-economic grievance and confessional andpolitical division in urban revolts during the period of the French religious wars. More particularly, it focuses on two such incidents in the town of Troyes in Champagne in the summer of 1586 and what they can tell us about the influence of popular discontent on municipal politics and town– crown rela...

Slovenes have lived in the territory of today's Slovenia for more than 14 centuries, whilst the history of its medical culture goes back for 2000 years. The advent of Christianity in Slovenia in the eighth century AD marked an important turning point in the development of its medicine. The 500 years of the Habsburg monarchy was later to have a further impact on the development of new medical id...

The ancient Greek world was much troubled and influenced by politics. While other peoples settled to a single form of government, the Greeks were strungling between monarchy, oligarchy, democracy and tyranny; and while other peoples were forming empires, the Greek cities usually preferred independence, in the form of a polis, a city-state, and other times preferred to (or were forced to) join s...

This study focuses upon the financial governance mechanism set up in the Portuguese Estado da Índia, which is examined from both a structural and dynamic perspective over the period from 1517 to 1640. It seeks to provide a general outline of the peripheral extensions of this system—taking the form of a network of feitorias (trading posts) and recebedorias (tax collection offices)—as well as the...

The growth of Thai society in western style in the middle of Rattanakosin period can be defined as modernization /civilization. These terms had an influence on the development of the country in the reign of King Rama V owing to the governance reform, and cultures influenced by the West. Those were passed on until the reign of King Rama VI. The preference was not only for the renovation of archi...

Religions are organized in a variety of ways. They may resemble an elected autocracy, a parliamentary democracy, or something akin to a monarchy, where heredity plays a primary role. This variation allows for a comparative study of their organization. These differing power arrangements call for different types of strategic behavior in the fight for control over church doctrine and finance. And ...

Building on the writings of Wittgenstein on rule-following and deviance, Kristóf Nyíri advanced a theory of creativity as consisting in a fusion of conflicting rules or disciplines. Only such fusion can produce something that is both intrinsically new and yet capable of being apprehended by and passed on to a wider community. Creativity, on this view, involves not the breaking of rules, or the ...

The issues of continuity and discontinuity are rather complex in case the minorities’ legal status. main focus paper is transition from monarchy to republic 1918. During first Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938) status minorities was substantially influenced by traditions period as these were used new state. most extensive regulation Czech history existed interwar Czechoslovakia.

Abstract In 1848, Habsburg Trieste became the target of German nationalists gathered in Frankfurt. The Frankfurt parliament, born out revolutions has been widely depicted as a liberal experience. Yet its nationalist stances, which included creation unitary state through absorption vast multiethnic regions monarchy, whose Austrian crownlands were part Confederation, bear witness to illiberal nat...