The study of compliments has attracted the attention of many scholars (e.g., Goffman 1971; Lakoff 1973; Brown and Levinson 1978; Amouzadeh 2001; Golato 2002; Sharifian 2005) and has become a major issue in the area of interactional sociolinguistics. To date, many models of politeness have been put forward in the literature. In this study, Brown and Levinson’s (1978, 1987) politeness model was u...

emerging of the industrial revolution caused the dominance of machine in man`s life. at the beginning, man was fascinated by machine; by its order, automation, and its efficiency. then he tried to adapt this mechanistic order to his life and create a completely ordered, clean and predictable environment. thus modern urbanism appeared. in comparison with dark, airless and contaminated industrial...

Parvin Iʿtisami (1907–1941), the first important twentieth-century woman poet of Iran, was well versed in classical Persian poetry. Her knowledge English language and education at American school for girls as her father’s translations from foreign literature contributed to appreciation modern ideas, including women’s rights. Unlike some contemporaries early twentieth century who tried revolutio...

Historic gardens have the ability to provide several ecosystem services in cities, including provisioning (i.e., food production). The historic Iran (known as “Persian Gardens”) never been considered places that could be used for production. As a result, purpose of this paper is investigate whether Iranian gardens’ spatial and structural layout suitable modern urban gardening. We conducted fiel...

This article deciphers and analyzes a  previously unknown Sassanian mint location represented by the inscription WLČ., based on the analysis of a Middle Persian inscription found in Persepolis, and on the linguistic changes that occurred during the transition to modern Persian. Evidence is presented to show that this previously unknown Sassanian mint designation corresponds to the modern-day ci...

Department of Psychology, Faculty Literature and Humanities, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran , [email protected]