Abstract Surfactants exist in atmospheric aerosols mixed with inorganic salts and can significantly influence the formation of cloud droplets due to bulk–surface partitioning surface tension depression. To model these processes, we need continuous parametrizations concentration dependent properties aqueous surfactant–salt solutions for full composition range from pure water surfactant or salt. ...

Cloud fraction (CF) plays a crucial role in the Earth’s radiative energy budget and thus in the climate. Reliable long-term measurements of CF are rare. The ground-based TROpospheric WAter RAdiometer (TROWARA) at Bern, Switzerland continuously measures integrated liquid water and infrared brightness temperature with a time resolution of 6–11 s since 2004. The view direction of TROWARA is consta...

this document provides feasibility study of using treated domestic wastewater in concrete mixing. today, concrete is one of the most important construction materials. from first time that concert was used in construction materials, always the drinkable water used for concrete mixing water. domestic wastewater contains about 400 ppm of organic materials. after the treatment of wastewater, concen...

introduction: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different mixing techniques on the ph and solubility of mineral trioxide aggregate (mta) and calcium-enriched mixture (cem). methods and materials: five samples were prepared from each biomaterial with different mixing techniques including hand-, amalgamator- or ultrasonic-mixing and were then placed in pre-weighted plastic tubes...

[1] Convective turbulence within the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and movement of the ABL over the surface results in a large spatial (10–10 km) integration of surface fluxes that affects the CO2 and water vapor mixing ratios. We apply quasi-equilibrium concepts for the terrestrial ABL to measurements of CO2 and water vapor made within the ABL from a tall tower (396 m) in Wisconsin. We supp...

The distribution and evolution of reactive species in a boundary layer characterized by the presence of shallow cumulus over land is studied by means of two largeeddy simulation models: the NCAR and WUR codes. The study focuses on two physical processes that can influence the chemistry: the enhancement of the vertical transport by the buoyant convection associated with cloud formation and the p...

Abstract: Metal organic framework (MOF) of MIL-101(Cr)-Silica (SiO₂) composites with highly mesoporous and uniform dispersions were synthesized by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method followed by the sol-gel technique. Water vapor adsorption experiments were conducted on the MIL-101(Cr)-SiO₂ composites for industrial adsorption chiller applications. The effects of MIL-101(Cr)-SiO₂ mixing ra...

We explore the minimum distance from a host star where an exoplanet could potentially be habitable in order not to discard close-in rocky exoplanets for follow-up observations. We find that the inner edge of the Habitable Zone for hot desert worlds can be as close as 0.38 AU around a solar-like star, if the greenhouse effect is reduced (∼ 1% relative humidity) and the surface albedo is increase...

The detection of low levels of pharmaceuticals in rivers and streams, drinking water, and groundwater has raised questions as to whether these levels may affect human health. This report presents human health risk assessments for 26 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and/or their metabolites, representing 14 different drug classes, for which environmental monitoring data are available for...