TENORM are found in a wide variety of waste materials, some raw mineral ores and in some consumer products (in trace amounts) where molecules of radionuclides may be bound to specific minerals used in the manufacturing process and can result in increases in radiation exposures to workers and the public. The aim of this paper is to understand this problem and to develop effective ways to protect...

1 Ioannidis JPA. Clinical trials: what a waste. BMJ 2014;349:g7089. (10 December.) 2 LeFevre ML. Screening for vitamin D deficiency in adults: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med 2014; published online 25 Nov, doi:10. 7326/M14-2450. 3 Fortmann SP, Burda BU, Senger CA, Lin JS, Beil TL, O’Connor E, et al. Vitamin, mineral, and multivitamin supplements for th...

A new process to leach and recover copper from solid waste using electric fields was designed. The leaching with electro migration is presented as an alternative to traditional leaching. Preliminary data indicate that the copper ion migration is facilitated by using the electrical potential difference; therefore applying a potential difference in the processes of leaching facilitates the remova...

mineral dissolution and precipitation may occur. The effect of alkaline solutions on the transformation of Buried waste storage tanks at the USDOE Hanford Reservation clay minerals has been the subject of intensive research in Washington State have released solutions containing high concentrations of Na, OH, NO3, and Al into the vadose zone. When such (Cuadros and Linares, 1996; Bauer and Berge...

In acid base accounting (ABA) estimates of acid mine wastes, the acid potential (AP) estimate can be improved by using the net carbonate value (NCV) reactive sulfide S method rather than total S assay methods but this does not give recovery of potentially acid producing ferrous and ferric sulfates present in many wastes. For more accurate estimation of AP, an effective, site-specific method to ...

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) have superior mechanical strength and wear resistance as compared to base alloy. Aluminium matrix reinforced with low density discontinuous particulate composites has good potential in automobile and aerospace applications. The main challenge is to produce the light weight composite in a cost effective way to achieve the greater properties. In the present study, a...