Matrix vesicles (MV) can be readily isolated from culture media of chicken growth plate hypertrophic chondrocytes grown in primary culture. The chondrocytes maintain normal morphology and synthesize type I1 collagen throughout the culture period. The culturederived MV are morphologically indistinguishable from MV seen in situ and are rich in alkaline phosphatase. Formation of alkaline phosphata...

For Fe contained in aeolian dust to act as a micronutrient for oceanic phytoplankton, some fraction of it must first be transformed (mobilized) into a form soluble in ocean water. Fe solubilization in deliquesced mineral dust aerosols emanating from East Asia during the springtime outflow conditions is investigated here with a Lagrangian box model of the gas and aqueous-phase chemistry. The mod...

ABST RACT: Tritium accumulation in clay minerals (kaolinite, montmorillonite, palygorskite) was studied experimentally over a one year contact with tritiated water (initial activity 1.67610 Bq/m) under room conditions, and was compared to theoretical calculations. The amounts of tritium ions in bound water and structural hydroxyls were measured by the activity of water fractions released at cha...

A series of adsorption tests were conducted to analyze the sorption capacity of attapulgite. Ions such as cobalt, nickel, lead and cadmium were adsorbed from waste solutions onto attapulgite surface. Adsorption depletion tests were performed as a function of solid to liquid ratio, conditioning time, heavy metal ion concentration, and pH to identify the mode and extent of interactions in the sys...

10 11 We measured the self-potential (SP) response to advective transport of KCl 12 concentration fronts through two laboratory-scale sand-bodies with different 13 mineralogical composition. In pure quartz sand, the amplitude and polarity of the SP 14 signals agreed with a previously published model. In sand containing 3 % potassic 15 feldspars and 1 % micas and clays, the shape of the SP respo...

Introduction and Motivation: Mineral grains on the surfaces of airless planetary bodies like the Moon are subjected to continuous radiation processing from solar energetic ions and also experience micrometeorite impact events. Together these processes alter the morphology, chemistry, and microstructure of surface particles and are collectively known as space weathering [1]. The optical properti...

Electrical conductivity is an important indicator for water quality assessment. Since the composition of mineral salts affects the electrical conductivity of groundwater, it is important to understand the relationships between mineral salt composition and electrical conductivity. In this present paper, we develop an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model for groundwater electrical ...

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) participates in vertebral bone and tooth formation by a nonclassical hitherto unknown nucleation mechanism, in which amorphous precursors form and transform during long induction periods. Elucidation of the mechanism by which amorphous precursors assemble and transform is essential to understanding how hard tissues form in vivo and will advance the design and fabrication of...

Thin sections of embryonic avian bone decalcify during preparation for electron microscopy, creating a false impression of mineral distribution. The results of the experiments reported herein show that viscous embedding materials do not penetrate compact formed bone, and so, in thin sections, the calcium apatite crystals may be leeched out by water, both in the collecting trough and in aqueous ...

This work presents experimental results regarding the use of pure nickel nanoparticles (NiNP) as a mineral carbonation additive. The aim was to confirm if the catalytic effect of NiNP, which has been reported to increase the dissolution of CO₂ and the dissociation of carbonic acid in water, is capable of accelerating mineral carbonation processes. The impacts of NiNP on the CO₂ mineralization b...