Enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) lignin was modified with formaldehyde. TGDSC and PY-GC-MS analysis methods were adopted to characterize the differences between EH lignin and the modified lignin. The modified lignin was then mixed with wood sawdust and made into a lignin-based composite under the following conditions: pressure of 2 to 5 MPa, temperature of 175 to 190 C, and the modified lignin dosage ...

In a biorefinery context it is an advantage to fractionate and extract different wood components in a relatively pure form. However, one major obstacle for efficient extraction of wood polymers (lignin, polysaccharides etc.) is the covalent lignin-polysaccharide networks present in lignified cell walls. Enzymatic catalysis might be a useful tool for a controlled degradation of these networks, t...

Chemical modification of hardwood sawdust from ash-tree species was carried out with a solution of maleic anhydride in acetone. Wood polymers, lignin, and cellulose were isolated from the wood sawdust and modified by the same method. Samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), providing evidence that maleic anhydride esterifies the free hydroxyl groups of the w...

Much progress has been made in the past several years concerning the biochemistry and molecular genetics of fungal wood decay. Aspects of this knowledge were obtained with the intent of using the fungi and their enzymes for selective and beneficial purposes; e.g., in biopulping and biobleaching of wood fiber, in bioremediation of pollutants, and in biomass conversions for fuel and chemical feed...

Thermal modifications tend to darken wood color and enhance dimensional stability, erosion resistance, weather resistance, and product value. To investigate the chemical characteristics of VOCs influenced by the heat treatment process, air-dried poplar wood was heat-treated at four treatment temperatures (160,180, 200, and 220 °C) for 2 h. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) was used to investigat...

BACKGROUND The white-rot Agaricomycetes species Phlebia radiata is an efficient wood-decaying fungus degrading all wood components, including cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. We cultivated P. radiata in solid state cultures on spruce wood, and extended the experiment to 6 weeks to gain more knowledge on the time-scale dynamics of protein expression upon growth and wood decay. Total proteom...

Wood decayed by brown rot fungi and wood treated with the chelator-mediated Fenton (CMF) reaction, either alone or together with a cellulose enzyme cocktail, was analyzed by small angle neutron scattering (SANS), sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (T...

CRYOSTAT MICROTOME SECTIONS OF BIRCH WOOD DEGRADED BY WHITE ROT FUNGI WERE EXAMINED BY LIGHT MICROSCOPY AFTER TREATMENT WITH TWO STAINS: astra-blue, which stains cellulose blue only in the absence of lignin, and safranin, which stains lignin regardless of whether cellulose is present. The method provided a simple and reliable screening procedure that distinguishes between fungi that cause decay...

The main difficulties in wood and pulp analyses arise principally from their numerous components with different chemical structures. Therefore, the basic problem in a specific analytical procedure may be the selective separation of the main carbohydrate-derived components from lignin due to their chemical association and structural coexistence. The processing of the wood determines some structu...

Waterlogged archaeological wood is often in need of consolidation prior to drying to prevent shrinkage and cracking of the object. There is a need for new greener materials (than for example polyethylene glycol) and methods for consolidation to be developed. The use of wood-based components could provide good interaction between the consolidant and the remaining wood structure and would also su...