Each and every sector in this modern world is undergoing rapid change due to the impact of IT field. Most of the social problems are analyzed by using various statistical and computational tools. In India, Fisheries is an unorganized sector and fishermen community are socially backward due to the exploitation of the middlemen. This paper, firstly evaluates the trends in the variation of price o...

Relationship Marketing is emerging as a new phenomenon. However, relationship oriented marketing practices date back to the pre-Industrial era. In this article, we trace the history of marketing practices and illustrate how the advent of mass production, the emergence of middlemen, and the separation of the producer from the consumer in the Industrial era led to a transactional focus of marketi...

P2P technology provides an excellent vehicle for the distribution of digital content at low cost to the content producer and distributor obviating the need for publishing middlemen. However, P2P content sharing networks are flawed with freeriding and copyright infringement. Providing financial incentives is one solution to overcome these problems; however the introduction of payments as a metho...

wet-nursing in England appears to be in the seventeenth century when the urban growth of London in particular presented mothers with similar problems regarding their infants. Evidence for bureaucratic intervention, however, is lacking in England. The conclusion of the author that economic pressure was the predominant cause in the rise and decline of wet-nursing is convincing. The sheer intensit...

This paper raises some of the ethical issues involved in the recruitment of healthy volunteers (HVs) by clinical research organizations (CROs) for bioavailability and bioequivalent (BA/BE) studies. It also explores the underlying reasons for the participation of the HVs and their interaction with the CROs. The findings are based on the data collected from 50 HVs participating in a BA/BE study c...

In the period of 1717-1736, southern peninsular forests became a new resource frontier at service Spanish Navy, in context Bourbon Reforms. The timber supply for shipbuilding and maintenance war fleets Cádiz was made through four methods: direct administration by commissioned services; purchase from regional middlemen merchants; articulation between contractors administration; with Royal Excheq...

Coffee is of global importance, ranking second to petroleum in the world commodity trade. Moreover, coffee is of particular importance as a major export commodity in many low-income and developing countries in Latin America, Africa and Asia. Coffee was one of the first commodity in which control over world trade was attempted. Brazil, producing from 75 to 90 percent of the world’s coffee in the...

This paper studies the effect of competition on ethnic discrimination by carrying out a field experiment in context rice market Bangladesh. We recruit professional buyers (middlemen) to act as judges providing quality rating and price quote for samples that we randomly associate with farmers bearing majority or minority names. First, find there is no difference buyers’ evaluation quality. Secon...