Microwave sintering is a method presenting the following advantages for flash sintering: contactless/volumetric heating, and possibility to control heating cycle of microwave power. In this study, transition from typical 100 K/min an ultra-rapid rate 500 studied. The homogeneity hybrid configuration using silicon carbide susceptors tested up stability limit system. We show that zirconia specime...

This study was conducted in an attempt to characterize some of the effects of sublethal microwave radiation on cells of Staphylococcus aureus. Cultures were exposed to microwave radiation for 10, 20, 30, and 40 s. The effects of a conventional heat treatment were also compared by placing flasks containing cultures in a boiling water bath for the amount of time required to reach temperatures equ...

Rapid synthesis of 4-ethyloctanoic acid by means of microwave irradiation is described. Diethyl malonate reacted with 2-ethyl-1-bromohexane in the presence of sodium ethoxide to give diethyl (2-ethylhexyl)malonate (1b). 1b was saponified in the solution of ethanol and potassium hydroxide and then acidified to form (2-ethylhexyl)propanedioic acid (1c), and 1c was heated and decarboxylized to giv...

The use of ionic liquids as aids for microwave heating of nonpolar solvents has been investigated. We show that hexane and toluene together with solvents such as THF and dioxane can be heated way above their boiling point in sealed vessels using a small quantity of an ionic liquid, thereby allowing them to be used as media for microwave-assisted chemistry. Using the appropriate ionic liquid, th...

We have developed a new grand canonical molecular dynamics (GCMD) algorithm to study microwave (MW) heating effects on competitive mixture sorption and have applied the method to methanol and benzene in silicalite zeolite. The new algorithm combines MW-driven molecular dynamics with grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC), the latter modeling adsorption/desorption processes. We established the valid...

Introduction: NASA is evaluating various methods to process lunar and Mars regolith in preparation for future missions. We have performed earlier studies [1-3] to understand the mechanism associated with the lunar regolith’s excellent absorbtion of microwave energy that is useful for microwave processing. Using an upgraded microwave heating facility we have shown that the previously observed [4...

The effects of microwave and steam treatment were analyzed relative to the immediate (thermo-hygro-plasticity) post-assessed (permanent changes) properties wood. study was conducted using European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) standard 1.5 times up-scaled (only for microwave-heated reference samples) bending specimens tested in a static three-point loading mode. plasticized by heat moisture (1) se...

Upon rewetting, lichens lose polyols through leaching. We quantified leaching losses for 21 species under simulated rainfall. Polyol concentrations in these lichens range from 1.0 to 8.8%, with a mean of 2.8%. Leaching losses range up to about 7.5 mg (polyol)/g (lichen dry weight) in a typical rain event. The rate of polyol leaching declines exponentially, becoming negligible within 1 hour of c...