The molecular steps of the electron transfer in the endoplasmic reticulum from the secreted proteins during their oxidation are relatively unknown. We present here that flavine adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a powerful oxidizer of the oxidoreductase system, Ero1 and PDI, besides the proteins of rat liver microsomes and HepG2 hepatoma cells. Inhibition of FAD transport hindered the action of FAD....

Microsomal membranes (RM) l lose their ability to translocate nascent secretory, 2,3 lysosomal, 4 and membrane s proteins upon salt extraction if they are assayed in the wheat germ cell-free translation system. From the salt extract, a ribonucleoprotein [termed signal recognition particle (SRP)] was purified to homogeneity and shown to be composed of six different polypeptide chains 3 and one 7...

Fatty acid synthesis is traditionally viewed as being confined to the cytosolic cellular fraction, although a substantial body of data indicates that both microsomes and mitochondria are capable of initiating fatty acid synthesis and may contain acetyl-CoA carboxylase [acetyl-CoA:carbon-doxide ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.4.1.2], fatty acid synthetase, and ATP-citrate lyase [ATP citrate (pro-3S)-...

Phosphatidylinositol (PI) is a precursor for an important class of phospholipids, the phosphatidylinositol polyphosphates. Because renal myo-inositol levels may vary under both physiological (e.g., antidiuretic) and pathophysiological (e.g., diabetic) conditions, the formation of PI from CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DG) and myo-inositol via phosphatidylinositol synthase and the regulation of this en...

Smooth microsomal cell membranes were isolated by density gradient centrifugation from normal rat liver and from the well-differentiated Morris hepatoma 5123C. The proteins were then extracted from the smooth membrane fraction and compared on acrylamide gel by the split-gel technique and by coelectrophoresis of dually labeled proteins. This analysis revealed the lack of two liver membrane compo...

Smooth microsomal cell membranes were isolated by density gradient centrifugation from normal rat liver and from the well-differentiated Morris hepatoma 5123C. The proteins were then extracted from the smooth membrane fraction and compared on acrylamide gel by the split-gel technique and by coelectrophoresis of dually labeled proteins. This analysis revealed the lack of two liver membrane compo...

The structural properties of liver microsomes and erythrocytes obtained from rats that had been chronically administered ethanol were examined by electron spin resonance (ESR) following ethanol withdrawal for 1-10 days. Membranes obtained from control animals exhibited considerable molecular disordering upon the addition of ethanol in vitro (50-100 mM). Conversely, microsomal and erythrocyte me...