background: giardia lamblia is a common intestinal parasite associated with social or personal problems. giardiasis is distributed all over the world; however, the infection is more prevalent in developing countries. metronidazole is now considered as a drug of choice for giardiasis treatment. the increasing number of reports of refractory cases as well as side effects of this drug resulted in ...

Objective: To investigate the possible effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment on rat diabetes-induced liver damage and immune reactivity asprosin hormone in liver. Material-Method: Twenty-eight Wistar albino male rats were used study. They separated into 4 groups as Control (n=7), Diabetes Diabetes+NAC NAC (n=7). The all dissected after treatment, tissues taken for pathological examination....

A subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in the rat was produced by the injection of blood via a previously implanted catheter connected to the cisterna magna. Repeated angiographical examinations of the vertebro-basilar arteries revealed a biphasic vasospasm with a maximal acute spasm at ten minutes and a maximal late spasm at two days after cisternal blood injection. Fluorescence microscopical examin...

Twenty-five Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: the control group consisted of five animals while the experimental groups contained ten animals each. The control group animals were not subjected to lead treatment, whereas the first experimental group animals were exposed to 500 μg /0.1 m /day of lead for one week, and the second group had the same dosage of lead exposure for two ...

Placentas from 191 consecutive deliveries were cultured for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and other bacteria before being examined histologically. N gonorrhoeae was seen on direct microscopical examination and cultured from two placentas, one of which had chorioamnionitis and the other had a granulocytic invasion of the membranes. In both patients, rupture of the membranes had occurred two hours or les...

In a morphological survey of 73 human retinae spanning 9 decades, and including 20 retinae which were obtained from eyes enucleated for malignant melanomas, nodular excrescences were noted in the outer segments of rods with an incidence which increased with age. These structures were sectioned in both their vertical and horizontal axes and on electron microscopical examination were seen to resu...

The following most remarkable account of one of Dr. Burdon Sanderson's important experiments on the subject of pyaemia is taken from the British Medical Journal:?" Dr. Sanderson then proceeded to exhibit a dog, into the abdominal cavity of which six drops of a pysemic transudation liquid had been injected three hours before. The animal was in a state of profound collapse, accompanied with vomit...

Light and electron microscopical examination of the heart of the chick embryo between stages 9 and 11 (Hamburger & Hamilton) revealed degenerating and dead cells specifically localized in the midline of endocardial tubes. The morphology of cell death in this system does not differ from that described in other embryonic tissues and organs. Phagocytosing cells are rarely seen. The results of this...

Hypocupraemia with normal caeruloplasmin levels was found in a 21-month-old boy admitted to hospital because of repeated seizures and failure to thrive. He had blonde curly hair, spurring of the femora and tibiae, and mild anaemia, but his mental development, electroencephalogram, and structure of the hair on microscopical examination were normal. There was a general improvement in his conditio...

Vaginal specimens were obtained at 902 attendances from 522 women requiring vaginal examination at a family planning clinic. Haemophilus vaginalis was found in 8% of specimens either by culture or by at least two out of three microscopical tests; lactobacilli were seldom found in the presence of the organism. Increased signs and symptoms, especially an offensive odour, were found only when H va...