The GEMPix is a small gaseous detector with highly pixelated readout, consisting of drift region, three Gas Electron Multipliers (GEMs) for signal amplification, and four Timepix ASICs 55 µm pixel pitch total 262,144 pixels. A continuous flow gas mixture such as Ar:CO2:CF4, Ar:CO2 or propane-based tissue equivalent supplied externally at rate 5 L/h. This article reviews the medical applications...

UNLABELLED The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an attractive target for the design of radiotherapeutic agents for breast cancer because it is present on almost all estrogen receptor-negative, hormone-resistant tumors with a poor prognosis. In this study, we describe the antitumor effects and normal tissue toxicity of the novel Auger electron-emitting radiopharmaceutical (111)In-label...

Introduction: Ionizing radiation is widely used in industry and medicine; however, it causes a significant health hazard by making microscopic damage to living tissue. Various biological parameters, including cell survival fraction and relative biological effectiveness, are taken into account to assess the severity and extent of biological damages. Microdosimetry suffe...

I.A. Physics interaction model For the event-by-event simulation of low-energy electron (9.7 eV-10keV) and proton (0.3-10MeV) tracking, a semi-theoretical model which combines aspects of the Bethe and binary-encounter theory has been employed. A brief overview of the model is presented below; for a detailed description one may consult Emfietzoglou et al 2000[1]. The differential cross-section (...

Purpose: Our overall goal is the development of an approach to model tissue response to radiotherapy in which a tissue is viewed as a statistical ensemble of interacting cells. This involves characterisation of radiation fields on the spatial scale of subcellular structures. On this scale, the spatial distribution of radiation energy imparted to tissue is highly non-uniform and should be charac...

The radiobiological effectiveness of 160 MeV protons was measured relative to -Co y-rays, using Chineee hamster cells cultured in o&o. Separate experiments were performed witb cells irradiated in sWpem&m, or attached to plastk tisslre culture flasks. Proton irradiations were performed in the incident plateau of the depth dosepro6Uc~niththeBrPggpenksprendouttocoverlOcls.Inallcrrscstberdstlveblde...

The authors attempt to establish the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) calculation for designing therapeutic proton beams on the basis of microdosimetry. The tissue-equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) was used to measure microdosimetric lineal energy spectra for proton beams at various depths in a water phantom. An RBE-weighted absorbed dose is defined as an absorbed dose multiplied by...

There is experimental and histological evidence that chronic irritation and cell death may cause hyperplasia in the exposed tissue. As the heterogeneous deposition of inhaled radon progeny results in high local doses at the peak of the bronchial bifurcations, it was proposed earlier that hyperplasia occurs in these deposition hot spots upon chronic radon exposure. The objective of the present s...

PURPOSE To construct a custom confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) capable of resolving individual proton tracks in the volume of an Al2 O3 :C,Mg fluorescent nuclear track detector (FNTD). The spatial resolution of the FNTD technique is at the sub-micrometer scale. Therefore the FNTD technique has the potential to perform radiation measurements at the cell nucleus scale. METHODS The crys...