The use of low doses of cytotoxic agents continuously for prolonged periods is an alternative for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer who have developed resistance to conventional chemotherapy. The combination of metronomic chemotherapy with therapeutic vaccines might increase the efficacy of the treatment. Twenty one patients with metastatic breast cancer in progression and...

PURPOSE Cyclophosphamide is a bifunctional alkylating agent long associated with immune activation. Continuous, uninterrupted, low (so-called metronomic) doses of cyclophosphamide can lead to enhanced immunity against a variety of antigens possibly by targeting regulatory T cells and/or tumor angiogenesis. In this study we tested the observations from animal models and evaluated the safety and ...

Efficient systemic siRNA delivery to cells in the target tissue is a current critical challenge in the drug delivery field. Several studies have demonstrated that nanoparticles such as polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated siRNA-lipoplexes may enhance the systemic delivery of siRNA to tumor. However, the disordered tumor microenvironment still poses a potential impediment with respect to the efficie...

Low dose metronomic chemotherapy (LDMC) refers to prolonged administration of low dose chemotherapy designed to minimize toxicity and target the tumor endothelium, causing tumor growth inhibition. Topotecan (TPT) when administered at its maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is often associated with systemic hematological toxicities. Liposomal encapsulation of TPT enhances efficacy by shielding it from ...

Tumour therapy with cyclophosphamide (CPA), an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent, has been associated with reduced tumour blood supply and antiangiogenic effects when applied in a continuous, low-dose metronomic schedule. Compared to conventional high-dose scheduling, metronomic CPA therapy exhibits antitumoural activity with reduced side effects. We have studied potential antiangiogenic proper...

A 71-year-old man was diagnosed with T-Large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia, which usually represents a relatively indolent clinical course. While the clinical manifestation of this patient we report herein was aggressive with lasting fever, splenomegaly and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). T-cell immunophenotype was CD3+CD4-CD8-CD5-CD7-TCRαβ+. After comprehensive evaluation, an a...

The prognosis for patients with recurrent glioblastomas (GBMs) is dismal, with a median survival of 3-6 months. We performed a phase II trial of low-dose continuous (metronomic) treatment using temozolomide (TMZ) for recurrent GBMs. TMZ-refractory patients with GBM who experienced disease recurrence or progression during or after the cyclic treatment schedule of TMZ after surgery and standard r...

Despite the advancement of targeted therapies in metastatic breast cancer, chemotherapy is still of pivotal importance. The concept of dose density is known to increase the efficacy of chemotherapy. In metastatic disease, preservation of the quality of life is equally important. Because of this, weekly regimens are a cornerstone in metastatic disease. Taxanes like paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel a...

The use of low dose continuous schedules of chemotherapy (i.e. metronomic chemotherapy), delivered at lower doses by necessity compared to traditional dosing schemes, has become an increasingly popular addition to patient management in veterinary medical oncology. While the concept itself is not new, as low dose, maintenance chemotherapy protocols have been important components of treatment for...

Patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) with monosomy 7 are a group of patients with refractory AML who have a very poor prognosis. Therefore, rationally designed new therapies, including metronomic chemotherapy regimen with histidine deacetylase inhibitors (Valporic acid, ATRA) are being investigated as potential treatments for the population of refractory cases of AML. Herein, we repo...