An under-appreciated aspect of the genetic analysis of gene expression is the impact of post-probe level normalization on biological inference. Here we contrast nine different methods for normalization of an Illumina bead-array gene expression profiling dataset consisting of peripheral blood samples from 189 individual participants in the Center for Health Discovery and Well Being study in Atla...

Acknowledgments Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: The SPHINX Speech Recognition System 1 2 3 5 2.1 Signal Processing ............................ 5 2.2 Clustering and Vector Quantization ..................... 6 2.3 Hidden Markov Models .......................... 7 2.4 Speech Unit ............................... 7 Chapter 3: The Motorola Car Database and AN4 Database 8 3.1 The Motorola Car Data...

BACKGROUND The effect of withdrawal of digoxin on left ventricular function in patients with a history of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) following normalization of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) with beta blockers remains unknown. HYPOTHESIS This study was undertaken to determine the effect of digoxin withdrawal on left ventricular function in patients with IDCM. METHOD...

In this study, we present advanced feature normalization and rapid model adaptation for robust in-vehicle speech recognition. For feature normalization, we use a combination of recently established quantile-based cepstral dynamics normalization (QCN) and low pass temporal filtering (RASTALP). Similar to cepstral mean normalization (CMN), QCN aims at alleviating the mismatch between ASR acoustic...

Signal data from DNA-microarray “chip” technology contains various artifacts from the fabrication process and it is inherently noisy. In order to detect the systematic errors and to reduce the noise contained in the experimental data, replications of the experiments are made. Therefore the crucial point in obtaining biological information out of the experimental data is the use of advanced norm...

UNLABELLED Global spatial normalization transforms a brain image so that its principal global spatial features (position, orientation and dimensions) match those of a standard or atlas brain, supporting consistent analysis and referencing of brain locations. The convex hull (CH), derived from the brain's surface, was selected as the basis for automating and standardizing global spatial normaliz...

In this paper the effects of noise with nonzero mean on existing moment-based image normalization methods are studied. Several modifications to reduce noise sensitivity are presented and tested. They involve nonlinear mapping and fractionaland negativeorder moments.

[1] McIntyre and McKitrick [2005] (hereinafter referred to as MM05) point out a bias in the Mann et al. [1998] (hereinafter referred to as MBH98) Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction, one tending to enhance trends during the last century. Having reproduced the statistical results of MM05, this comment is prompted by further questions regarding appropriate implementation of principal c...