نتایج جستجو برای: mean length of phrasal utterances

تعداد نتایج: 21185858  

2011
Markus Saers Dekai Wu

We aim to replace the long and complicated, pipeline employed to produce probabilistic phrasal bilexica with a theoretically principled, grammar based, approach. To this end, we introduce a learning regime to learn a phrasal grammar equivalent to linear transduction grammars. The stochastic version of this new grammar type also has the property that the set of biterminals constitute a natural p...

2013
Vikas Joshi N. Vishnu Prasad Srinivasan Umesh

Cepstral Mean Normalization (CMN) is a widely used technique for channel compensation and for noise robustness. CMN compensates for noise by transforming both train and test utterances to zero mean, thus matching first-order moment of train and test conditions. Since all utterances are normalized to zero mean, CMN could lead to loss of discriminative speech information, especially for short utt...

1980
Robert Wilensky Yigal Arens

We have developed an approach to natural language processing in which the natural language processor is viewed as a knowledge-based system whose knowledge is about the meanings of the utterances of its language. The approach is orzented around the phrase rather than the word as the basic unit. We believe that this paradi~ for language processing not only extends the capabilities of other natura...

Journal: :CoRR 2016
Ahilan Kanagasundaram David Dean Sridha Sridharan Clinton Fookes

This paper investigates the effects of limited speech data in the context of speaker verification using deep neural network (DNN) approach. Being able to reduce the length of required speech data is important to the development of speaker verification system in real world applications. The experimental studies have found that DNN-senone-based Gaussian probabilistic linear discriminant analysis ...

2009
Magne Hallstein Johnsen Eivind Versvik

Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training systems have become popular tools to train on second languages. Many second language learners prefer to train on pronunciation in a stress free environment with no other listeners. There exists no such tool for training on pronunciation of the Norwegian language. Pronunciation exercises in training systems should be directed at important properties in th...

this thesis attempts to investigate the effects of prelistening activities on enhancing iranian efl learners` listening comprehension. the present study investigated ways in which learners` background knowledge could be activated in order to enhance their l2 listening comprehension by limiting the number of possible text interpretations prior to listening. the experiments conducted in this study examined the effect of prior knowledge and vocabulary teaching on iranian efl learners listening comprehension. the current study has two purposes: one is to investigate the effect of background knowledge on the second language listening comprehension of iranian intermediates and the other is to determine whether second language is facilitated by the introduction of unknown vocabularies in the form of prelistening activities. to conduct the study different instruments such as listening proficiency test and four listening tests such as pre and posttests were used and various statistical processes and techniques including paired-sample t-test, and analysis of variance (anova) were used. the findings of this study supported all three hypotheses tested. differences were found between the means of preteaching vocabulary variable, the background knowledge activation variable, and mean difference between these two strategies variable. subjects scored higher when the unknown words were taught in advance. likewise, subjects scored higher when they were asked some relevant questions about the topic than on those without them. there was, in addition, a significant difference between the means of preteaching vocabulary strategy and background knowledge activation strategy. in fact, preteaching vocabulary had a better effect in enhancing the students’ listening comprehension, in comparison to background knowledge activation strategy.

پایان نامه :دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی - دانشکده زبانهای خارجی 1390

this thesis attempts to investigate the effects of prelistening activities on enhancing iranian efl learners` listening comprehension. the present study investigated ways in which learners` background knowledge could be activated in order to enhance their l2 listening comprehension by limiting the number of possible text interpretations prior to listening. the experiments conducted in this stud...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه پیام نور - دانشگاه پیام نور استان تهران - دانشکده علوم انسانی 1390

the purpose of the research is to examine if integrating cooperative learning into vocabulary learning helps to increase word recognition of students in an elementary school in iran. it tries to investigate whether cooperative learning approach enables students to improve their language learning. this research used stad (students team achievement division) as a cooperative model in this study. ...

2013
ThuyLinh Nguyen Stephan Vogel

Hiero translation models have two limitations compared to phrase-based models: 1) Limited hypothesis space; 2) No lexicalized reordering model. We propose an extension of Hiero called PhrasalHiero to address Hiero’s second problem. Phrasal-Hiero still has the same hypothesis space as the original Hiero but incorporates a phrase-based distance cost feature and lexicalized reodering features into...

Journal: :Lingvisticæ Investigationes 2008

2001
Sumio Fujita

NTCIR-2 evaluation experiments at the Justsystem site are described with a focus on comparative study of CLIR effectiveness with monolingual retrieval effectiveness of the same retrieval engine. Experiments on the effects of phrasal translation, indexing of translated phrasal terms, pre-translation feedback and parallel documents feedback in diverse retrieval settings, are reported. The results...

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