OBJECTIVE Previous tuberculosis (TB) treatment status is an established risk factor for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). This study explores which factors related to previous TB treatment may lead to the development of multidrug resistant in Bangladesh. DESIGN We previously conducted a large case-control study to identify risk factors for developing MDR-TB in Bangladesh. Patients who had a hi...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the reversal effect and its related mechanism of Ginkgo biloba exocarp extracts (GBEEs) in obtained multidrug resistance (MDR) of mice S180 tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. In order to simulate the clinical PFC [cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum, cisplatin (DDP) + fluorouracil (FU), FU+cyclophosphamide and cyclophosphamide] scheme, a gradually increasi...

Despite progress made in tuberculosis control worldwide, the disease burden and treatment outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients have remained virtually unchanged. In 2016, the World Health Organization released new guidelines for the management of MDR-TB. The guidelines are intended to improve detection rate and treatment outcome for MDR-TB through novel, rapid molecular...

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB; resistance to at least rifampicin and isoniazid) is a global public health concern. In 2010–2011, Uzbekistan, in central Asia, conducted its first countrywide survey to determine the prevalence of MDR-TB among TB patients. The proportion of MDR-TB among new and previously treated TB patients throughout the country was measured and risk factors for MDR-T...

Expression of the human MDR\ gene has been shown to confer the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype to sensitive cells. To investigate the possible contribution of the MDR phenotype to chemoresistance in ovarian carcinoma, we have analyzed MDR\ gene expression in fresh carcinoma specimens from 50 patients. Fifteen received chemotherapy before surgery and were judged as poor responders. Thirty-f...

Expression of the human MDR\ gene has been shown to confer the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype to sensitive cells. To investigate the possible contribution of the MDR phenotype to chemoresistance in ovarian carcinoma, we have analyzed MDR\ gene expression in fresh carcinoma specimens from 50 patients. Fifteen received chemotherapy before surgery and were judged as poor responders. Thirty-f...

Multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein (P-gp) display variations in invasive and metastatic behavior. We previously reported that these properties of MDR cancer cell lines overexpressing P-gp could be altered by chemotherapeutic drugs or MDR modulators (R. S. Kerbel et al., Cancer Surv., 7: 597-629, 1988). To attempt to clarify the mechanism(s) underlying these obs...

BACKGROUND Epidemic outbreaks of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) in intensive care units (ICUs) are increasing. The incidence of MDR AB bacteremia, which develops as a result of colonization, is increasing through widespread dissemination of the pathogen, and further colonization. We sought to determine risk factors for MDR AB bacteremia in patients colonized with MDR AB...

The emergence of multi-drug resistant-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB), especially the Rifampicin-dependent (R-) MDR-TB, has become a hot issue. To elucidate the potential mechanism that rifampicin-dependent MDR-TB (latent infection) utilizes for its long-term survival, we studied the morphology and L-form growth pattern of rifampicin-dependent MDR-TB. Rifampicin-dependent MDR-TB was isolate...

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a condition when there is broad cross-resistance of cells to various agents which are different in structure and effect. Modern perceptions on mechanisms of MDR development in malignant tumors have been considered, in particular, in tre-ating breast cancer. Physiological functions and contribution to MDR development of ABC-transporter protein families have been de...