Maximum efficiency of surfaces that exploit solar energy, including Photovoltaic Panels and Thermal collectors, is achieved by installing them in a certain inclination (tilt). Most common approach to select an angle equal the location’s latitude. This based on astronomical calculations sun’s position throughout year but ignores meteorological factors. Cloud coverage aerosols tend change direct ...

Hybrid sol-gel-derived xerogel films prepared from 45/55 (mol ratio) n-propyltrimethoxysilane (C3-TMOS)/tetramethylorthosilane (TMOS), 2/98 (mol ratio) bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-ethylenediamine (enTMOS)/tetraethylorthosilane (TEOS), 50/50 (mol ratio) n-octyltriethoxysilane (C8-TEOS)/TMOS, and 50/50 (mol ratio) 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane (TFP-TMOS)/TMOS were found to inhibit sett...

Surface exploration is a key step in the colonization of surfaces by sessile marine biofoulers. As many biofouling organisms can delay settlement until a suitable surface is encountered, colonization can comprise surface exploration and intermittent swimming. As such, the process is best followed in three dimensions. Here we present a low-cost transportable stereoscopic system consisting of two...

In the present study, physical model tests were conducted to investigate the effect of the geogrid reinforcement on the reduction of the differential settlement in widening of a highway embankment. A water bag filled with water and placed beneath an embankment was used to simulate the soft foundation of the widened portion of the embankment in the physical model test. Water from the water bag w...

In the analysis and design of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills, there are many uncertainties associated with the properties of MSW during and after MSW placement. Several studies are performed involving different laboratory and field tests to understand the complex behavior and properties of MSW, and based on these studies, different models are proposed for the analysis of time dependent s...

Several recent ®eld studies have found disproportionately high barnacle settlement rates (expressed on a per-area basis) in situations where the amount of suitable substrate is reduced, either due to occupation by other individuals or to physical processes. We call this phenomenon the intensi®cation e€ect; it is not included in many models of benthic populations, which assume that the per-area ...

Many workers have examined the processes influencing the recruitment of temperate marine invertebrates but comparatively little is kno'ivn about their tropical counterparts. Brachyuran crustaceans are important constituents of coral reefs, yet remain largely under-studied To examine the temporal patterns of tropical brachyuran larval abundances and postlarval settlement, we deployed 3 replicate...

In the process of constructing double-track subway tunnels in shallow buried loess areas, interaction is significantly influenced by net distance and cross-section size, which challenging to control surface settlement. Therefore, settlement prediction essential while areas. The paper analyzed law areas through theoretical research numerical simulation. results show that with decrease distance, ...

The pile–beam–arch method (PBA) is increasingly being used in the construction of metro stations with complex traffic conditions. rise–span ratio arch not only affects height station, but also rationality design subway and safety construction. mechanical response steel pipe piles different ratios effect controlled surface settlement have been investigated interactions involved pile–soil system....