Given that concrete masonry walls are expected to experience shrinkage combined with thermal expansion and contraction, and in some cases even carbonation, throughout their service life, cracking is to be expected. However, after concrete masonry walls have been placed into service, originally anticipated and accounted for cracking is often misdiagnosed as a structural defect. Such misdiagnoses...

The highly composite and anisotropic nature of masonry, which is a result of the variation in the properties of the masonry constituents, makes it very difficult to find an accurate material model to predict its behaviour satisfactorily. Current research by the authors has focused more closely on the behaviour of laterally loaded masonry wall panels using model updating techniques supported by ...

In this paper, earthquake-resistance behaviors of existing masonry structures are evaluated based on a certain masonry building. The existing masonry structure is evaluated in its defects of primary design and construction measurements, seismic bearing capacity and durability. Based on results of evaluation, the seismic reinforcement design is introduced for improving earthquake-resistance beha...

Unreinforced masonry (URM) walls comprise vertical piers and horizontal spandrels, which together form the lateral load resisting system. Whereas past research yielded significant advances in the understanding of the force–deformation characteristics of masonry piers, knowledge of the behaviour of masonry spandrels is lacking. This paper makes a contribution to our understanding of the seismic ...

Through numerical simulation, the blast-resistant performance of spray polyurea elastomer (SPUA) retrofitted concrete masonry unit (CMU) infill walls under far-range blast loading was studied. From an engineering perspective, effects boundary conditions and thickness a SPUA layer on enhancing resistance are discussed, SPUA-retrofitted grouted CMU compared. It is concluded that constraint anchor...

A tsunami is a natural disaster that destroys structures and kills many lives in countries the world. risk assessment of building under loading thus essential to evaluate damage minimize potential loss. crucial tool fragility curve. Most curves for force were developed using survey damaged data. This research proposed method developing based on analytical model In development, generic was one-s...