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Lasers are unique energy sources characterized by spectral purity, spatial and temporal coherence, which ensure the highest incident intensity on the surface of any kind of sample. Each of these characteristics stays at the origin of different applications. The study of highintensity laser sources interaction with solid materials was started at the beginning of laser era, i.e. more than 50 year...

Due to their potential roles in the pathophysiologies of a number of central nervous system disorders such as depression (Dilsaver, 1986), schizophrenia (Raedler et al. 2006), Alzheimer’s disease (Araujo et al. 1988) and Parkinson’s disease (Ruberg et al. 1982), modulation of the muscarinic system has been a focus of drug discovery for decades. Particular attention has been paid to developing l...

Mercury emissions into the environment have both natural and anthropogenic sources. Natural sources include volcanic activity, erosion of mineral deposits (the earth’s crust contains 0.5 parts per million of mercury) (Gochfeld, 2003; Gustin, 2003), association with hydrocarbons (Miedaner et al., 2005; Wilhelm et al., 2006), and volatilization from the oceans, whereas man related sources include...

In vitro methods are widely used in biomedical research and industry, often reducing or replacing animal experiments. However, cell cultures are generally supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS), also known as fetal calf serum (FCS), to optimize cell growth. Concerns have been raised regarding both the method used to collect the serum from the donor fetus and the possibility of viral contami...

Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is the bidirectional transport of multisubunit protein complexes, called IFT particles, along axonemal microtubules (MTs) beneath the ciliary membrane. IFT plays essential roles in the assembly and function of cilia and flagella by contributing to cell motility, sensory perception and ciliumbased signaling (Rosenbaum and Witman, 2002; Scholey, 2003). IFT was first...

This file is based on a BibTeX data file. The reference list inclue: Roger et al. (2011), Crone et al. (2011), Robert (2011), Ovaskainen and Meerson (2010), Mebane and Arthaud (2010), Bach et al. (2010), Schmolke et al. (2010), Boyd (2010), Radovic and Mikuska (2009), Olden et al. (2010), Fessl et al. (2010), Hendriks et al. (2009), Martinez-Morales et al. (2009), Daleszczyk and Bunevich (2009)...

Papillary thyroid cancer or papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer that is account for 80-90% of all thyroid cancer cases (Kimura et al., 2003; Xing et al., 2005; Yoon et al., 2013). This thyroid cancer is occasionally occurs in women aged 30-40 years old and it is also prevalent in children and patients whose exposed to radiation in head and neck area. These types ...

Making scientific measurements can alter the subject of the measurement (Heisenberg 1927), limiting one’s ability to understand how systems operate when they are not being studied. The idea that such effects occur during ecological research is not new (e.g., Singer and Wedlake 1981, Major 1990, Duncan et al. 2002), but our recent studies have renewed awareness (Cahill et al. 2001, 2002, Hik et ...

part of its information-gathering activity. The views, conclusions, and recommendations are not intended to represent the views of the Commission. part of its information-gathering activity. The views, conclusions, and recommendations are not intended to represent the views of the Commission. Disclaimer This is a working paper of the World Commission on Dams-the report published herein was prep...