Pepaya mampu tumbuh di berbagai tempat, baik lahan kering maupun basah dengan iklim tropis dan sub tropis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengetahui saluaran-saluran pemasaran buah pepaya petani sampai ke konsumen Desa Beber Kecamatan Cimaragas, (2) marjin farmer share saluran Cimaragas Kabupaten Ciamis konsumen. Metode yang digunakan studi kasus analisis data untuk menjawab identifikasi...

Background:Social marketing emphasizes the use of commercial marketing concepts and their application for social purposes and also the change of voluntary behavior in a non-profit manner. The main purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of social marketing on changing the physical activity of the elderly. Second, this study seeks to determine the extent to which Andreasonchr('39')...

This paper analyzes how a firm should adjust its marketing expenditures and its price to defend its position in an existing market from attack by a competitive new product. Our focus is to provide usable managerial recommendations on the strategy of response. In particular we show that if products can be represented by their position in a multiattribute space, consumers are heterogeneous and ma...

Typical bounds on generalization of Support Vector Machines are based on the minimum distance between training examples and the separating hyperplane. There has been some debate as to whether a more robust function of the margin distribution could provide generalization bounds. Freund and Schapire (1998) have shown how a diierent function of the margin distribution can be used to bound the numb...

This study assessed the effects of marketing constraints on gross margins Local Rice retailers in Ardo-Kola L.G.A Taraba State, Nigeria. Purposive and multistage random sampling methods were used to select twelve respondents each from five major markets area, giving rise 60 respondents. A structured questionnaire module was gathering information retailers' socio-economic characteristics faced. ...

Commodity traders are often the focus of popular resentment. Food price hikes in 2007-2008 resulted in protests and food riots, and spurred governments to regulate traders. In March 2011, the Bangladesh Government banned Delivery Order traders (DOTs) in the edible oils market, citing cartelization, and replaced them with a dealer’s network appointed by upstream refiners. The reform provides a n...

Wireless phone companies, especially with number portability, sell a product that is less and less different, that is to say, a commodity. That is the reason scale economies play a very important role in this market. Given that it is not possible to make a large margin on the service that they offer, companies must focus their strategies on saving costs. Moreover, the more clients a company has...

Non-technological innovation is an important element of firms’ innovation activities that both supplement and complement technological innovation, i.e. the introduction of new products and new processes. We analyse the spread of nontechnological innovation in firms, their relation to technological innovation, and their effects to firm performance and success with product and process innovation,...