PURPOSE Public policies targeting the school setting are increasingly being used to address childhood obesity; however, their effectiveness depends on their implementation. This study explores the factors which impeded or facilitated the implementation of publicly mandated school-based physical activity and nutrition guidelines in the province of British Columbia (BC), Canada. METHODS Semi-st...

This report offers some reflections for a better understanding of the realization European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) at local level, describing implementation newly established Austrian EOSC Mandated Organisation and Support Office Austria.

 Abstract Background: End-to-side esophagojejunostomy has almost always been associated with some degree of dysphagia. To overcome this complication we decided to perform an end-to-end anastomosis and compare it with end-to-side Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy. Methods: In this prospective study, between 1998 and 2005, 71 patients with a diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma underwent total gastrec...

Lineage stores often contain sensitive information that needs protection from unauthorized access. We build on prior work for security and privacy of lineage information, focusing on complex conditions and scalable administration. We use Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) to express conditions based on many attributes, instead of roles. We then make administration and management more scalabl...

Medicare's hospital outpatient prospective payment system (HOPPS) was initially developed in response to the rapid rise in Medicare's outpatient expenses between 1980 and 1991. The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 mandated HOPPS, with an implementation date of August 1, 2000. Unlike the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) used hospital charge data to...

Enforcement of Labor Regulation and Informality Enforcement of labor regulations in the formal sector may drive workers to informality because they increase the costs of formal labor. But better compliance with mandated benefits makes it attractive to be a formal employee. We show that, in locations with frequent inspections workers pay for mandated benefits by receiving lower wages. Wage rigid...