An epithelial cell line, designated COMMA-1D, was derived from mammary tissue of BALB/c mice in the middle of pregnancy. This line, in continuous cell culture for 12 months, exhibits several characteristics distinctive of normal mammary epithelial cells, including induction of casein synthesis in vitro and normal duct morphogenesis in the cleared mammary fat pads of syngeneic mice. The cells al...

OBJECTIVE To know the frequency of breast diseases in Pakistani females. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 3279 breast specimens received over a period of 4 years (1993-1996) at the department of pathology, the Aga Khan University Hospital. RESULTS Out of a total of 3279 breast specimens, common breast lesions included infiltrating duct carcinoma 37%, followed by fibro adenoma 16.95%, fib...

A 22 year old male referred with palpitation. General appearance and physical exam impressed us in that the patient has Marfan syndrome. Cardiac catheterization showed diffuse arterial ectasia. We found no previous report of this generalized diffuse ectasia.

Sialolithiasis is the most common disease of salivary glands. It is a condition characterized by the obstruction of a salivary gland or its excretory duct due to the formation of calcareous concretions, resulting in salivary ectasia and even determining the subsequent dilatation of the salivary gland.The sialolith usually measure from 1 mm to less than 10 mm. They rarely measure more than 15 mm...

R-spondin1 (Rspo1) is a member of a secreted protein family which has pleiotropic functions in development and stem cell growth. Rspo1 knock-out mice are sex-reversed, but some remain sub-fertile, so they fail to nurse their pups. A lack of Rspo1 expression in the mammary gland results in an absence of duct side-branching development and defective alveolar formation. The aim of this study was t...

Wu W, Kitamura S, Truong DM, Rieg T, Vallon V, Sakurai H, Bush KT, Vera DR, Ross RS, Nigam SK. 1-Integrin is required for kidney collecting duct morphogenesis and maintenance of renal function. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 297: F210–F217, 2009. First published May 13, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.90260.2008.—Deletion of integrin1 (Itgb1) in the kidney collecting system led to progressive renal dysf...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Perturbations in pancreatic ductal bicarbonate secretion cause chronic pancreatitis. The physiologic mechanism of ductal secretion is known, but its transcriptional control is not. We determine the role of the transcription factor hematopoietically expressed homeobox protein (Hhex) in ductal secretion and pancreatitis. METHODS We derived mice with pancreas-specific, Cremedia...

purpose : to investigate the efficacy of intacs implantation in post-lasik corneal ectasia (ple) methods : in this retrospective study, 17 eyes of 12 patients with ple, that had been implanted intacs, were evaluated. these parameters were assessed: uncorrected visual acuity (ucva), best spectacle corrected visual acuity (bscva), manifest refractive spherical equivalent (mrse), refractive cylind...

Abbreviations: EVG, elastic van Gieson; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PAS, periodic acid-Schiff Mammary Paget’s disease is usually localized in the nipple epidermis and lactiferous duct near the nipple (Lloyd et al., 2000). Breast conservative therapy has been attempted for such a patient (Pierce et al., 1997). However, this method may not be appropriate for all patients with Paget’s disease...

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is abnormal in breast tumors and has been reported to contribute to breast tumor progression. One factor, which may drive ongoing matrix synthesis in breast tumors, is the loss of stromal caveolin-1 (cav-1), a scaffolding protein of caveolae, which has been linked to breast tumor aggressiveness. To determine whether loss of cav-1 results in the abnormal expression...