PURPOSE Noninvasive imaging techniques that quantify renal tissue composition are needed to more accurately ascertain prognosis and monitor disease progression in polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Given the success of magnetization transfer (MT) imaging to characterize various tissue remodeling pathologies, it was tested on a murine model of autosomal dominant PKD. METHODS C57Bl/6 Pkd1 R3277C ...

PURPOSE To evaluate existing methods of standardization by exploiting the well-known tissue characterizing property of magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) values obtained from MT imaging, and compare the tissue characterizability of standardized T2, proton density (PD), and T1 images against the MTR images. MATERIALS AND METHODS Image intensity standardization is a postprocessing method that w...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Magnetization transfer imaging detects cerebral microstructural tissue alterations. We examined the association between the Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP) score and magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) measures in pathological and normal appearing brain tissue in clinically normal elderly subjects to determine if stroke risk leads to brain tissue destruction beyond...

Introduction Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by degeneration of the dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons of the substantia nigra (1). Dopamine denervation induces an increase in corticostriatal glutamate transmission that is central to the pathophysiology of PD (2). The subthalamic nucleus also receives neuromodulatory inputs, notably DAergic axons from the substantia nigra. (3) For PD rese...

Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging is capable of detecting mobile cellular proteins and peptides in tumor and monitoring pH effects in stroke, through the saturation transfer between irradiated amide protons and water protons. In this work, four healthy subjects, eight brain tumor patients (four with high-grade glioma, one with lung cancer metastasis, and three with meningioma), and four strok...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE For cases of multiple sclerosis (MS), magnetization transfer (MT) imaging may provide more pathologically specific and accurate estimates of the disease process than does conventional imaging. In this study, we evaluated changes of the MT ratio (MTR) of newly enhancing lesions, the MTR of normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), the average lesion MTR, and the MT histogram-d...

OBJECTIVE To assess (a) the correlations between magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) histogram derived measures of the brain and the cervical cord from patients with different multiple sclerosis phenotypes and (b) the correlation between these metrics and clinical disability. Magnetisation transfer imaging is sensitive to the most destructive aspects of multiple sclerosis pathology. Magnetisatio...

PURPOSE We evaluated the appearance of enhancing multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions on unenhanced T1-weighted MR images and the natural course of enhancing MS lesions on serial unenhanced T1-weighted and magnetization transfer (MT) MR images. METHODS One hundred twenty-six enhancing lesions were followed up monthly for 6 to 12 months to determine their signal intensity on unenhanced T1-weighted ...

The work in this thesis applies magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) and conventional MRI measures (brain volume, T2 lesion load and enhancing lesions) to investigate the mechanisms underlying progression in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), and identifies MR markers to predict and monitor progression. First, we demonstrated that MTI was sensitive to change in the normal appearing ...

PURPOSE The sensitivity of the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for early detection of brain metastases was investigated in mice and humans. METHODS Mice underwent MRI twice weekly for up to 31 d following intracardiac injection of the brain-homing breast cancer cell line MDA-MB231-BR. Patients with small cell lung cancer underwent quarterly MRI for ...