A case of progressive dementia and extrapyramidal signs beginning at age 29, with a ten year course until death, is presented. Necropsy examination showed an assortment of plaque types (including striatal plaques), neurofibrillary tangles, granulovacuolar degeneration, and depigmentation of the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus. This case had pathological features found in both Gerstmann-Stra...

Vellema et al. [2014] report that DCXexpressing cells, based both on immunohistochemistry for the protein and in situ hybridization for the corresponding mRNA, are found throughout the canary brain, with the most pronounced expression in the telencephalon, predominantly in the mesopallium and caudal nidopallium. Based on other methods, this does indeed correspond to brain areas where an active ...

The nucleus paragigantocellularis (PGI) is located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla and has noticeable connections with some other brain nuclei, such as locus ceruleus, nucleus raphe magnus and periaqueductal gray. In rats it is 3 mm in rostrocaudal and 1 mm in mediolateral and 1 mm in the dorsolateral aspect. Anatomically and functionally, PGI has been divided into two subnuclei, retrofaci...

TO THE EDITOR: Leischik et al. (see Ref. 1) provide an overview of the problems facing those researching the effects of exercise, both acute and chronic, on cognitive function. I agree with their comments, but the viewpoint (2) was only concerned with a specific anomaly in the ability of the catecholamine hypothesis to explain the effects of acute exercise on cognitive performance. This is only...