Cortical microtubules participate in the deposition of patterned secondary walls in tracheary element differentiation. In this study, we established a system to induce the differentiation of tracheary elements using a transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cell suspension stably expressing a green fluorescent protein-tubulin fusion protein. Approximately 30% of the cells differentiated i...

Hydroxyl radicals (OH) are capable of unspecifically cleaving cell-wall polysaccharides in a site-specific reaction. I investigated the hypothesis that cell-wall loosening underlying the elongation growth of plant organs is controlled by apoplastically produced OH attacking load-bearing cell-wall matrix polymers. Isolated cell walls (operationally, frozen/thawed, abraded segments from coleoptil...

Cellulose, being the major cell wall component and the most abundant organic matter, produced by living organisms, is not uniformly distributed within plant tissues. There are numerous cells, like the parenchyma ones, which even at maturity have thin cell wall. Thick cell walls are characteristic for the tissues with mechanical function. Among those, there are cell walls, which contain several ...

Tepfer and Taylor (1) claimed that our earlier estimates (2) of the limiting pore size of plant cell walls were substantially in error. I will demonstrate that the experimental results that Tepfer and Taylor used to make their claim were not feasible and will resolve the controversy that they believe exists. We used a solute exclusion technique to determine the size of the pores in the walls of...

in spite of the fact that cementitious and concrete materials are mainly used on a large scale and inhuge quantities for roads, dams, bridges and building constructions, the mechanical behavior of thesematerials depends to a great extend on structural elements and phenomena which are effective on amicro and nanoscale. although this is well known by researchers, material producers and engineersf...

In order to improve the sound absorption performance of light-frame timber construction wall, this paper combined aperture embedded wall unit structure with actual building based on Helmholtz resonance principle design and fabricate two sets structures: a new (experimental group) conventional (control group). The coefficients structures were measured by reverberation chamber test, related analy...

During normal weight-bearing and locomotion, the equine hoof wall deforms in a consistent pattern; the proximal dorsal wall rotates caudo-ventrally about the distal dorsal border and there is latero-medial flaring posteriorly. The aim of this study is to examine whether there are regional differences in the modulus of elasticity of hoof wall material and whether such differences correlate with ...

Constraints and opportunities inherent in a cellular existence in which the living protoplast is surrounded by a more-or-less rigid wall have given rise to a number of uniquely botanical modes of cytoskeletal form and function. These are summarized here, with special reference to the concept of a structurally and functionally integrated cytoplasmic matrix . The cell wall possesses at least some...