Literal and figurative meanings are two ends of a continuum we can not talk about sharp distinction between these meaning types (Dirven, 2002; Gibbs & Colston, 2012; Radden, 2002). Such exhibits different degrees figurativity. Radden (2002) considers this as literal-metonymy-metaphor continuum; where Dirven focuses on conceptual closeness distance the continuum. This study aims to analy...

Pictures (non-affective) 3 1 0 4 24 Abstract Pictures (affective) 0 0 0 0 0Pictures (affective) 0 0 0 0 0 Literal Pictures (non-affective) 28 0 13 28 29 Literal Pictures (affective) 0 1 0 0 0

Metonymic location names refer to other, related entities and possess a meaning different from the literal, geographic sense. Metonymic names are to be treated differently to improve performance of geographic information retrieval (GIR). This paper presents a method for disambiguating location names in textual information to distinguish literal and metonymic senses, based on shallow features. T...

Syntactic and semantic processing of literal and idiomatic phrases were investigated with a priming procedure. In 3 experiments, participants named targets that were syntactically appropriate or inappropriate completions for semantically unrelated sentence contexts. Sentences ended with incomplete idioms (kick the...) and were biased for either a literal (ball) or an idiomatic (bucket) completi...

ion makes Φ “truer” (more tree models). Pure existential literal rule makes Φ “falser” (fewer tree models). Pure universal literal rule makes Φ “falser” (fewer tree models). Unit-clause propagation and universal reduction do not change the set of tree models. So ? ? ? If abstraction changes u from universal to existential, and then it becomes pure, making it true is the wrong idea. Say u is ass...

Over the last few decades, a considerable number of experimental studies have been made on the time-course of literal and nonliteral comprehension. These studies have been devoted to test two incompatible models of nonliteral processing: serial model and parallel (direct) model. The serial model states that literal interpretation is an obligatory process and nonliteral interpretation is trigger...