Pigeons previously trained to peck 1 button (same) after the successive presentation of 16 identical pictures and to peck a 2nd button (different) after the successive presentation of 16 nonidentical pictures were tested on lists involving different degrees of variability, different list lengths, and different temporal organizations of list items. The pigeons' performances on this successive sa...

This paper describes the CMU entry for the system combination shared task at WMT’09. Our combination method is hypothesis selection, which uses information from n-best lists from several MT systems. The sentence level features are independent from the MT systems involved. To compensate for various n-best list sizes in the workshop shared task including firstbest-only entries, we normalize one o...

Query understandings is a task to identify the important subtopics of a given query with vertical intent. In this task, characteristic keywords extracted from query analysis results and Wikipedia are used as candidates for the subtopics. From these candidates, topic-model based on the web documents retrieved by an original query is used for selecting appropriate subtopics, Vertical intent is ju...

115This study focuses on Grade 6 learners’ perceptions of ‘learning as design’ during the creation of a collaborative hypermedia product. Data were generated via a Likert Scale questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, learner journals, observational notes, Task Elicitation List, Task Ranking List and open-ended learner evaluation reports. The findings of the study are considered within Lehrer...

The list length effect in recognition memory refers to the finding that recognition performance for a short list is superior to that for a long list. The list length effect is consistent with the predictions of item noise models, but context noise models predict no effect. Recently, it has been argued that if potential confounds are controlled, the list length effect is eliminated. We report th...

Query classification is a subtask of 1CLICK task for selecting appropriate strategy to generate output text. In this paper, we propose to use named entity recognition tools and clue keywords (occupation name list and location type name list) to identify query types.

While some studies have shown that providing a cue to selectively forget one subset of previously learned facts may cause specific forgetting of this information, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this memory phenomenon. In three experiments, we aimed to better understand the nature of the selective directed forgetting (SDF) effect. Participants studied a List 1 consisting of 18 s...

We describe SmartMail, a prototype system for automatically identifying action items (tasks) in email messages. SmartMail presents the user with a task-focused summary of a message. The summary consists of a list of action items extracted from the message. The user can add these action items to their “to do” list.

Performance properties of list scheduling algorithms under various dynamic assumptions are analyzed. The focus is on bounds for scheduling directed acyclic graphs with arbitrary precedence constrains and arbitrary task processing times subject to minimizing the makespan. New performance bounds are derived and compared with known results. key words: list scheduling, worst case analysis, on-line ...