We hypothesized a suppressive mechanism for docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3; DHA)-induced tissue lipid peroxidation in which the degradation products, especially aldehydic compounds, are conjugated with glutathione through catalysis by glutathione S-transferases, and then excreted into urine as mercapturic acids. In the present study, ascorbic acid-requiring ODS rats were fed a diet containing DH...

OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress or free radical activity may contribute to the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and other chronic diseases associated with aging. Because psychosocial stress has been shown to increase oxidative stress, we conducted an exploratory study to investigate the effects of stress reduction with the Transcendental Meditation program on serum lipid peroxide levels in elderly...

The addition of lipid hydroperoxides greatly accelerates the rate of oxidative catabolism of all-Irans-retinoic acid (RA) in human cell micro somes; hydroperoxy metabolites of the arachidonate cascade are partic ularly active in the microsomabsystem. We have measured the plasma content oflipid peroxides in cancer patients during the course of therapy with RA, seeking to assess whether a correla...

It has been reported that systemic and local redox state may have an important role in the functional and organic changes characterizing the process of vascular response to injury. Carotid endarterectomy to remove atherosclerotic plaque is followed by a long lasting healing and remodeling process that can be carefully followed over time with noninvasive ultrasonography. Plasma vitamin C concent...

The phagocytic NADPH oxidase [NOX] has been implicated in the generation of superoxides in the pancreatic beta-cell. Herein, using normal rat islets and clonal INS 832/13 cells, we tested the hypothesis that activation of the small G-protein Rac1, which is a member of the NOX holoenzyme, is necessary for palmitate [PA]-induced generation of superoxides in pancreatic beta-cells. Incubation of is...

BACKGROUND Since it has been demonstrated that soy diet can improve endothelial function, in the present study we evaluated the effect of dietary substitution of 25 g of animal proteins with soy proteins on endothelial dysfunction in renal transplant patients. METHODS In 20 renal transplant patients (55 +/- 11 years, serum creatinine 1.7 +/- 0.6 mg/dl), brachial artery flow mediated dilation ...

BACKGROUND Toxicity of organophosphate insecticides is mainly due to the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, organophosphate insecticides in acute, as well as in chronic and subchronic intoxication may lead to oxidative stress causing the enhancement of lipid peroxidation and changing the activities of antioxidative enzymes. Paraoxonase PON1 is synthesized by the liver. This enz...

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of dietary intervention, through the modification of dietary fatty acids composition and antioxidant vitamins, on plasma thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) levels in postmenopausal women with hypercholesterolemia. The subjects were treated for 12 weeks with one of three methods: hormone replacement therapy (HRT group, n=8), dietary intervention (DIET ...

Cancer development and progression are associated with oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can favor high concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), free radicals antioxidant metabolism. The human enzyme paraoxonase (PON) contributes to metabolism decreased levels. This leads a high-risk factor for coronary heart disease. review focuses on specific changes that affect the DNA molecule, sig...