Endothelial dysfunction reflects an imbalance of vasodilators and vasoconstrictors. Endogenous endothelin activity seems to be increased in human obesity and type 2 diabetes, and cellular studies suggest that this factor may itself reduce bioavailable nitric oxide (NO). We studied 20 lean, 20 obese, and 14 type 2 diabetic individuals under three protocols, measuring leg vascular responses to in...

An active filter-based on-chip DC–DC voltage converter for application to distributed on-chip power supplies in multivoltage systems is described in this paper. No inductor or output capacitor is required in the proposed converter. The area of the voltage converter is therefore significantly less than that of a conventional low-dropout (LDO) regulator. Hence, the proposed circuit is appropriate...

Understanding and modelling liver biomechanics represents a significant challenge due to the complex nature of this organ. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on liver viscoelastic properties, and results are strongly dependent on sample type and status, adopted testing method, and testing conditions. Standard force-triggered tests (e.g. step response or dynamic mechanical tests) necessitate a...

Portable, embedded systems place ever-increasing demands on high-performance, low-power microprocessor design. Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) is a wellknown technique to reduce energy in portable systems, but DVFS effectiveness suffers from the fact that voltage transitions occur on the order of tens of microseconds. Voltage regulators that are integrated on the same chip as the m...

Design Techniques for Fully Integrated Switched-Capacitor Voltage Regulators