this study was conducted to define the prevalence and types of corneal astigmatism in relation with corneal optical power, axial length, sex and patient age. 641 cataract patients were included in a descriptive study. complete eye examinations were included in a descriptive study. complete eye examinations were performed. the data were analysed by standard procedures including analysis of varia...

The pupose of this paper is modeling of Partial Digest Problem (PDP) as a mathematical programming problem. In this paper we present a new viewpoint of PDP. We formulate the PDP as a continuous optimization problem and develope a method to solve this problem. Finally we constract a linear programming model for the problem with an additional constraint. This later model can be solved by the simp...

in this study, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (moga) is utilized to extract interpretable and compact fuzzy rule bases for modeling nonlinear multi-input multi-output (mimo) systems. in the process of non- linear system identi cation, structure selection, parameter estimation, model performance and model validation are important objectives. furthermore, se- curing low-level and high-level ...

Linear and nonlinear categorization rule learning was examined in patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and a group of controls using the perceptual categorization task. Participants learned to categorize simple line stimuli into 1 of 2 categories over 600 trials. In addition to traditional measures of accuracy, quantitative model-based analyses were applied to each participant's data to char...

A model of costly medical malpractice claims, based on Bayes Rule, is developed to examine the effects of physicians being liable for actual damage under a negligence rule. This model is consistent with empirical evidence concerning the pattern of claims. It is shown that compensating actual damage does not provide physicians with appropriate incentives to spend the second best optimal amount o...

Assessing seismic hazards involves specifying the likelihood, magnitude and location of earthquakes in a region. Predicting the seismic hazards is the first step in reducing the impact of the damage caused by an earthquake.  In this study, to fully utilize all the known parameters which may possibly affect the occurrence of earthquakes (mb ≥ 4.5); a data-driven rule-extraction method called the...

The decreasing diagrams technique (van Oostrom, 1994) has been successfully used to prove confluence of rewrite systems in various ways; using rule-labelling (van Oostrom, 2008), it can also be applied directly to prove confluence of some linear term rewriting systems (TRSs) automatically. Some efforts for extending the rule-labelling are known, but non-left-linear TRSs are left beyond the scop...

The effects of proton and gamma radiation are compared for several types of integrated circuits with complex internal design and failure modes that are not as straightforward as the input bias current mechanism that is frequently used to study damage effects in linear devices. New circuit failure mechanisms were observed in voltage regulators that cause them to fail at much lower levels when th...

We consider the folding transformation rule for constraint logic programs. We propose an algorithm for applying the folding rule in the case where the constraints are linear equations and inequations over the rational or the real numbers. Basically, our algorithm consists in reducing a rule application to the solution of one or more systems of linear equations and inequations. We also introduce...

The liability rule traditionally used in accident law when both the injurer’s and the victim’s behaviour affect the likelihood of an accident occurring is the rule of contributory negligence. Under it, the injurer is liable for the full amount of the victim’s damage only if the injurer’s behavior is negligent and the victim’s behavior is non-negligent. If both parties are negligent, only the vi...