The antitumor and radiosensitizing properties of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BUdR) appear to be due, in part, to its incorporation into cellular DNA. To optimize conditions for incorporation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (BrdUMP) into DNA, we investigated the metabolism of BUdR to its DNA precursor form, the 5'-triphosphate BrdUTP, in the U251 human glioblastoma cell line. The result...

We have previously demonstrated that, while most enzymatic formation of 5-methylcytosine in the DNA of mammalian cells occurs very shortly after strand synthesis, there is also a minor fraction of methylation which occurs in some DNA sequences up to at least several hours after strand synthesis. Using a human cell line, we have examined the effects on these two classes of enzymatic DNA methylat...

5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxycytidine (EdC) are mainly used as markers of cellular replicational activity. Although EdU is employed as a replicational marker more frequently than EdC, its cytotoxicity is commonly much higher than the toxicity of EdC. To reveal the reason of the lower cytotoxicity of EdC, we performed a DNA analysis of five EdC-treated human cell lines. ...

The discovery of substantial amounts of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), formed by the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), in various mouse tissues and human embryonic stem (ES) cells has necessitated a reevaluation of our knowledge of 5mC/5hmC patterns and functions in mammalian cells. Here, we investigate the tissue specificity of both the global levels and locus-specific distribution of 5hmC...

The concept of super line graph was introduced in the year 1995 by Bagga, Beineke and Varma. Given a graph with at least r edges, the super line graph of index r, Lr(G), has as its vertices the sets of r-edges of G, with two adjacent if there is an edge in one set adjacent to an edge in the other set. The line completion number lc(G) of a graph G is the least positive integer r for which Lr(G) ...

voriconazole is the first-line therapy for invasive aspergillosis. nevertheless, mortality remains high due to different factors. although azoles are very active in vitro against aspergillus fumigatus, several studies have reported azole-resistant a. fumigatus isolates in european countries, asia, and the united states. therefore, new approaches are needed. the aim of the present study was to e...

wheat is grown on 6.2 million hectares under different agr-climate conditions in iran. of 6.2 million hectares irrigated wheat, khazar warm humid climate regions (gorgan, mazandaran and moghan) with 350 thousand hectares are the most important wheat growing areas of the country. productive and rich lands, high rainfalls and favorable temperature and light in these regions provide good condition...

line n-78-14 with the pedigree of sha4/chil cm91099-25y-om-3n-1y-oyz-o10m-oy-3m-o10 was obtained from cimmyt, mexico in 1996 through high rainfall wheat screening nursery. preliminary evaluation of the genotypes in international nursery in gorgan and sari research stations during 1996-97 cropping season, resulted in selection of this line as one of the most high yielding genotypes. selected lin...