The differences in the physical and mechanical properties and chemical composition of Bambusa rigida bamboo before and after accelerated aging tests were comparatively investigated. The results revealed that the aged specimens had lower physical and mechanical properties than the controls. The differences in chemical composition provided evidence that the reduction in physical and mechanical pr...

The cleavage of C−O linkages in aryl ethers biomass-derived lignin compounds without hydrogenation the aromatic rings is a major challenge for production sustainable mono-aromatics. Conventional strategies over heterogeneous metal catalysts require addition homogeneous base additives causing environmental problems. Herein, we propose Ru/C catalyst modified by Br atoms selective direct bonds dip...

The goal of this study was to characterize the changes in biomass with torrefaction for near infrared reflectance (NIR) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy for sweetgum, loblolly pine, and switchgrass. Calibration models were built for the prediction of proximate analysis after torrefaction. Two dimensional (2D) correlation spectroscopy between NI...

Abstract Lignin is a potentially high natural source of biological aromatic substances. However, decomposition the polymer has proven to be quite challenging, as complex bonds are fairly difficult break down chemically. This article intended provide an overview various recent methods for catalytic chemical depolymerization biopolymer lignin into products. For this purpose, nickel-, zeolite- and...

BACKGROUND Pretreatments are a prerequisite for enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass and production of ethanol. They are considered to open up the plant cell wall structure by altering, moving or solubilizing lignin and hydrolyzing a proportion of hemicellulosic moieties. However, there is little information concerning pretreatment-induced changes on wheat bran cell wall polymers and indeed on chang...

When optimizing the process parameters of acidic ethanolic organosolv process, aim is usually to maximize delignification and/or lignin purity. However, such as temperature, time, ethanol and catalyst concentration, respectively, can also be used vary structural properties obtained lignin, including molecular weight ratio aliphatic versus phenolic hydroxyl groups, among others. This review part...

Re-polymerization reactions are a commonly reported issue on the way to higher recovery of monomers from lignin. The reactivity obtained lignin depolymerization and their contribution re-polymerization in supercritical water (SCW) was investigated. Sulfonated Kraft (SKL) used along with four monomers: vanillin, vanillic acid, vanillyl alcohol acetovanillone. Indulin also employed as reference u...

Laboratory-obtained kraft lignins have been studied via elemental analysis (EA), 1H-NMR, FTIR, GPC to analyse the chemical structure. The kraft lignins were subjected to oxidation with H2O2 using Co(salen) as a biomimetic catalyst at mild condition (80oC, 240 min). The kraft lignins isolated from eucalyptus (EKL) and bamboo (BKL) had a low hydroxyl (oxygen) contents, a low molecular weights (~3...