PURPOSE The receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor (LHRH-R) are found in >50% of human breast cancers. Doxorubicin (DOX) was linked to [D-Lys(6)]LHRH to form a cytotoxic conjugate, AN-152, which can be targeted to tumor cells expressing LHRH-R. We evaluated the effects of AN-152 on the estrogen-independent, DOX-resistant human mammary carcinoma line MX-1, xenografted into ...

Because Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) inhibited luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) in male rats, we hypothesized that the endocannabinoid, anandamide (AEA), would act similarly. AEA microinjected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) decreased plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) at 30 min in comparison to values in controls (P < 0.001). The cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1-r)-specific antago...

Two LHRH fusion proteins, thioredoxin and ovalbumin, each containing seven LHRH inserts were tested for their ability to inhibit estrous cycle activity. The objective was to evaluate immune and biological responses from alternating the two fusion proteins in an immunization schedule. One hundred ten heifers were divided equally into 11 groups. Two control groups consisted of either spayed or in...

Precocious puberty is a significant child health problem, especially in girls, because 95% of cases are idiopathic. Our earlier studies demonstrated that low-dose levels of manganese (Mn) caused precocious puberty via stimulating the secretion of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). Because glial-neuronal communications are important for the activation of LHRH secretion at puberty, we ...

Fractionation of hypothalamic extracts on a Sephadex G-25 column separates follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing factor (FSHRF) from luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). The FSH-releasing peak contained immunoreactive lamprey gonadotropin-releasing hormone (lGnRH) by radioimmunoassay, and its activity was inactivated by an antiserum specific to lGnRH. The identity of lGnRH-III with FS...

A controlled release delivery system helps to overcome the problem of short life of the leutinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) in blood and avoids use of multiple injections to enhance reproductive efficacy. Chitosan- and chitosan-gold nanoconjugates of salmon LHRH of desired size, dispersity and zeta potential were synthesized and evaluated at half the dose rate against full dose of bare...

The vertebrate transcription factor activator protein-2 (AP-2alpha) is involved in craniofacial morphogenesis. In the nasal placode AP-2alpha expression delineates presumptive respiratory epithelia from olfactory epithelia, with AP-2alpha expression restricted to the anterior region of the respiratory epithelium (absent from the olfactory epithelium) at later stages. To address the role AP-2alp...

The effect of endogenous luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) on the proliferation induced by concanavalin A (Con A) in rat fetal thymocytes was studied. A selective antagonist (2 microg per fetus) or antibodies to LHRH (20 microl per fetus) were injected in utero into 20-day-old rat fetuses, and this resulted in a two- or fivefold decrease in the Con A-induced proliferation of thymocyt...

This network meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and adverse effects of several treatments for advanced/metastatic prostate cancer (PC). The PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of treatments for advanced/metastatic PC. Eighteen studies covering 6,340 patients were included in this analysis. The calculated were odds ratios, 95% con...

We tested the working hypothesis that Fos will identify the critical population of kisspeptin neurons that accompanies the LHRH surge using a synchronized follicular phase model in intact cycling ewes. The model generates an LH surge that starts within a defined 2-h window in a 20-d synchronized cycle. With a modified push-pull cannula in vivo LHRH release from the median eminence was sampled i...