Fifty 12,13-epoxytrichothecenes have been reported in the literature; of these diacetoxyscirpenol, T-2 toxin, nivalenol and vomitoxin have been naturally occurring in cereal grains throughout the world. Vomitoxin is produced in ears of corn prior to harvest when wet, cool weather precedes which favours Gibberella zeae growth. This type of infected corn, which often contains vomitoxin, is associ...

The biosynthesis of pyrrocidines, fungal PK-NRP compounds featuring a strained [9]paracyclophane, was investigated in Acremonium zeae. We used a synthetic L-tyrosine probe, labelled with oxygen 18 as a reporter of phenol reactivity and carbon 13 as a tracer of incorporation of this exogenous precursor. The ((18)O)phenolic oxygen was incorporated, suggesting that phenol behaves as a nucleophile ...

Using the classical emulsified system and the monomolecular film technique, the substrate specificity of recombinant Gibberella zeae lipase (rGZEL) that originates from Gibberella zeae was characterized in detail. Under the emulsified reaction system, both phospholipase and glycolipid hydrolytic activities were observed, except for the predominant lipase activity. The optimum conditions for dif...

Acremonium zeae produces pyrrocidines A and B, which are polyketide-amino acid-derived antibiotics, and is recognized as a seedborne protective endophyte of maize which augments host defenses against microbial pathogens causing seedling blights and stalk rots. Pyrrocidine A displayed significant in vitro activity against Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides in assays performed using ...

Gibberella zeae is an important pathogen of major cereal crops. The fungus produces ascospores that forcibly discharge from mature fruiting bodies, which serve as the primary inocula for disease epidemics. In this study, we characterized an insertional mutant Z39P105 with a defect in sexual development and identified a gene encoding a putative transcription factor designated as MYT1. This gene ...

Gibberella zeae (anamorph Fusarium graminearum) causes scab (blight) in wheat and barley, and ear rot in corn. Since 1991, epidemics of Gibberella head blight have struck the Midwestern states with disastrous effects on wheat and barley growers. The fungus decreases yields and also contaminates grain with trichothecene mycotoxins that are harmful to human and animal health. To understand and co...

Evaluation of Rhizoctonia zeae as a potential biological control option for fungal root diseases of sugar beet" (2015). Abstract Several common root diseases routinely damage sugar beet in Nebraska and other production areas of the Central High Plains, and it is becoming more common to find fields infested simultaneously with multiple pathogens. Owing to the shortage of available fungicides for...

Plants and fungi display a broad range of interactions in natural and agricultural ecosystems ranging from symbiosis to parasitism. These ecological interactions result in coevolution between genes belonging to different partners. A well-understood example is secreted fungal effector proteins and their host targets, which play an important role in pathogenic interactions. Biotrophic smut fungi ...

Gibberella zeae (asexual state Fusarium graminearum) is a major causal agent of wheat head blight and maize ear rot in North America and is responsible for contamination of grain with deoxynivalenol and related trichothecene mycotoxins. To identify additional trichothecene biosynthetic genes, cDNA libraries were prepared from fungal cultures under trichothecene-inducing conditions in culture an...

Se determina la sensibilidad de Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae a diferentes fungicidas en condiciones in vitro, como factor previo su uso campo. Para cada fungicida se evaluaron cinco concentraciones: 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 y 1 gramo ingrediente activo por litro; cantidad necesaria para preparar dichas concentraciones fue adicionada medio cultivo PDA, el cual depositó cajas Petri, las teli...